Drainage Network Patterns Determinism: A Comparison in Arid, Semi-Arid and Semi-Humid Area of Morocco Using Multifactorial Approach
Drainage network patterns influence the hydrological response of the watersheds and must be taken into account in the management of the water resource. In this context, it is important to identify the factors that control the configuration of drainage networks in and beyond specific climatic conditi...
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doaj-1a2e7fdddb30493d88a5c68f7a7eb0e32020-11-25T04:06:00ZengMDPI AGHydrology2306-53382020-11-017878710.3390/hydrology7040087Drainage Network Patterns Determinism: A Comparison in Arid, Semi-Arid and Semi-Humid Area of Morocco Using Multifactorial ApproachTarik Bouramtane0Abdessamad Tiouiouine1Ilias Kacimi2Vincent Valles3Amine Talih4Nadia Kassou5Jamila Ouardi6Amal Saidi7Moad Morarech8Suzanne Yameogo9Hamza El Kbiri10Hajar Rhazal11Hala Achach12Laurent Barbiero13Geoscience, Water and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Avenue Ibn Batouta, Rabat 10100, MoroccoGeoscience, Water and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Avenue Ibn Batouta, Rabat 10100, MoroccoGeoscience, Water and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Avenue Ibn Batouta, Rabat 10100, MoroccoUMR 1114 INRAE EMMAH Avignon Université, 84916 Avignon, FranceGeoscience, Water and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Avenue Ibn Batouta, Rabat 10100, MoroccoGeoscience, Water and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Avenue Ibn Batouta, Rabat 10100, MoroccoRegional Centre for Education and Training Professions, El Jadida 24000, MoroccoGeo-Biodiversity and Natural Patrimony Laboratory, Scientific Institute, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Avenue Ibn Batouta, Rabat 10100, MoroccoLaboratory of Applied and Marine Geosciences, Geotechnics and Geohazards (LR3G), Faculty of Sciences of Tetouan-University Abdelmalek Essaadi, Tetouan 93000, MoroccoEarth Sciences Department, University of Ouagadougou (Pr J. Ki-Zerbo), Ouagadougou B.P. 7021, Burkina FasoDepartment of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Avenue Ibn Batouta, Rabat 10100, MoroccoDepartment of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Avenue Ibn Batouta, Rabat 10100, MoroccoDepartment of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Avenue Ibn Batouta, Rabat 10100, MoroccoIRD, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, UMR 5563, Géoscience Environnement Toulouse, Observatoire Midi‐Pyrénées, 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, FranceDrainage network patterns influence the hydrological response of the watersheds and must be taken into account in the management of the water resource. In this context, it is important to identify the factors that control the configuration of drainage networks in and beyond specific climatic conditions. Here, we study 318 basins spread over three sectors (arid, semi-arid, and semi-humid) of Morocco where seven drainage network patterns have been identified. From each basin, 14 parameters were extracted, describing the relief, geology, morphometry, drainage network, land cover, precipitation, and time of concentration (Tc). Principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant analysis (DA) processing were performed on the entire database and on each sector separately. The results show that the drainage network pattern is a feature of the landscape that contributes significantly to the variance of the basins. They suggest that the distribution of network patterns is controlled by the relationship between the different parameters, mainly those related to the relief, more than by the variations of each parameter taken individually. The network discrimination rate is 63.8%, which improves when each sector is treated separately. Confusion in discrimination are similar across all sectors and can be explained by similar conditions (active tectonic, deformation, and uplift) or transitions from one network pattern to another, due to the landscape evolution of certain sectors. A contribution of climatic variables appears locally but was attributed to a statistical coincidence, these parameters presenting a distribution close to that of the relief and geology variables.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5338/7/4/87drainage network patternmultivariate analysisGISMorocco |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Tarik Bouramtane Abdessamad Tiouiouine Ilias Kacimi Vincent Valles Amine Talih Nadia Kassou Jamila Ouardi Amal Saidi Moad Morarech Suzanne Yameogo Hamza El Kbiri Hajar Rhazal Hala Achach Laurent Barbiero |
spellingShingle |
Tarik Bouramtane Abdessamad Tiouiouine Ilias Kacimi Vincent Valles Amine Talih Nadia Kassou Jamila Ouardi Amal Saidi Moad Morarech Suzanne Yameogo Hamza El Kbiri Hajar Rhazal Hala Achach Laurent Barbiero Drainage Network Patterns Determinism: A Comparison in Arid, Semi-Arid and Semi-Humid Area of Morocco Using Multifactorial Approach Hydrology drainage network pattern multivariate analysis GIS Morocco |
author_facet |
Tarik Bouramtane Abdessamad Tiouiouine Ilias Kacimi Vincent Valles Amine Talih Nadia Kassou Jamila Ouardi Amal Saidi Moad Morarech Suzanne Yameogo Hamza El Kbiri Hajar Rhazal Hala Achach Laurent Barbiero |
author_sort |
Tarik Bouramtane |
title |
Drainage Network Patterns Determinism: A Comparison in Arid, Semi-Arid and Semi-Humid Area of Morocco Using Multifactorial Approach |
title_short |
Drainage Network Patterns Determinism: A Comparison in Arid, Semi-Arid and Semi-Humid Area of Morocco Using Multifactorial Approach |
title_full |
Drainage Network Patterns Determinism: A Comparison in Arid, Semi-Arid and Semi-Humid Area of Morocco Using Multifactorial Approach |
title_fullStr |
Drainage Network Patterns Determinism: A Comparison in Arid, Semi-Arid and Semi-Humid Area of Morocco Using Multifactorial Approach |
title_full_unstemmed |
Drainage Network Patterns Determinism: A Comparison in Arid, Semi-Arid and Semi-Humid Area of Morocco Using Multifactorial Approach |
title_sort |
drainage network patterns determinism: a comparison in arid, semi-arid and semi-humid area of morocco using multifactorial approach |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Hydrology |
issn |
2306-5338 |
publishDate |
2020-11-01 |
description |
Drainage network patterns influence the hydrological response of the watersheds and must be taken into account in the management of the water resource. In this context, it is important to identify the factors that control the configuration of drainage networks in and beyond specific climatic conditions. Here, we study 318 basins spread over three sectors (arid, semi-arid, and semi-humid) of Morocco where seven drainage network patterns have been identified. From each basin, 14 parameters were extracted, describing the relief, geology, morphometry, drainage network, land cover, precipitation, and time of concentration (Tc). Principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant analysis (DA) processing were performed on the entire database and on each sector separately. The results show that the drainage network pattern is a feature of the landscape that contributes significantly to the variance of the basins. They suggest that the distribution of network patterns is controlled by the relationship between the different parameters, mainly those related to the relief, more than by the variations of each parameter taken individually. The network discrimination rate is 63.8%, which improves when each sector is treated separately. Confusion in discrimination are similar across all sectors and can be explained by similar conditions (active tectonic, deformation, and uplift) or transitions from one network pattern to another, due to the landscape evolution of certain sectors. A contribution of climatic variables appears locally but was attributed to a statistical coincidence, these parameters presenting a distribution close to that of the relief and geology variables. |
topic |
drainage network pattern multivariate analysis GIS Morocco |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5338/7/4/87 |
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