Alkali-Activated Binders From Waste Incinerator Bottom Ashes and Metakaolin Reinforced by Recycled Carbon Fiber Composites
In view of creating low-impact materials for the building industry, the fostering of alkali-activated binder gains high importance. Metakaolin can successfully be activated with alkalis at room temperature, but the contemporary use of wastes to create mixed binders can further increase the environme...
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2020-11-01
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doaj-1ad792c92fff4f4885c3a4c61169aa9c2020-11-25T03:57:39ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Materials2296-80162020-11-01710.3389/fmats.2020.583400583400Alkali-Activated Binders From Waste Incinerator Bottom Ashes and Metakaolin Reinforced by Recycled Carbon Fiber CompositesStefania Manzi0Isabella Lancellotti1Giulia Masi2Andrea Saccani3Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, ItalyDepartment of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Bologna, ItalyIn view of creating low-impact materials for the building industry, the fostering of alkali-activated binder gains high importance. Metakaolin can successfully be activated with alkalis at room temperature, but the contemporary use of wastes to create mixed binders can further increase the environmental benefits. Bottom ashes obtained from the incineration of municipal solid wastes have been tentatively mixed in different amounts to develop matrix with acceptable mechanical properties, which still can be cured at room temperature. Moreover, scraps obtained from the production of epoxy/carbon fiber composites are employed as a reinforcing phase. No chemical or physical treatments have been used to modify the epoxy/carbon fiber wastes, apart from size reduction, thus minimizing the overall economic and energy impact of the process. The workability, physical and mechanical properties, microstructure, and porosity of the obtained materials are investigated. Up to a 50 weight percent of bottom ashes from municipal solid waste incineration can be mixed with metakaolin. Fibers still embedded in the epoxy matrix disclose a fair interaction with the matrix, thus managing to increase flexural strength, toughness, and dimensional stability without decreasing the compressive strength.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2020.583400/fullbuilding materialscarbon fibers composites wastesbottom ashesrecyclingalkali-activated materials |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Stefania Manzi Isabella Lancellotti Giulia Masi Andrea Saccani |
spellingShingle |
Stefania Manzi Isabella Lancellotti Giulia Masi Andrea Saccani Alkali-Activated Binders From Waste Incinerator Bottom Ashes and Metakaolin Reinforced by Recycled Carbon Fiber Composites Frontiers in Materials building materials carbon fibers composites wastes bottom ashes recycling alkali-activated materials |
author_facet |
Stefania Manzi Isabella Lancellotti Giulia Masi Andrea Saccani |
author_sort |
Stefania Manzi |
title |
Alkali-Activated Binders From Waste Incinerator Bottom Ashes and Metakaolin Reinforced by Recycled Carbon Fiber Composites |
title_short |
Alkali-Activated Binders From Waste Incinerator Bottom Ashes and Metakaolin Reinforced by Recycled Carbon Fiber Composites |
title_full |
Alkali-Activated Binders From Waste Incinerator Bottom Ashes and Metakaolin Reinforced by Recycled Carbon Fiber Composites |
title_fullStr |
Alkali-Activated Binders From Waste Incinerator Bottom Ashes and Metakaolin Reinforced by Recycled Carbon Fiber Composites |
title_full_unstemmed |
Alkali-Activated Binders From Waste Incinerator Bottom Ashes and Metakaolin Reinforced by Recycled Carbon Fiber Composites |
title_sort |
alkali-activated binders from waste incinerator bottom ashes and metakaolin reinforced by recycled carbon fiber composites |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Materials |
issn |
2296-8016 |
publishDate |
2020-11-01 |
description |
In view of creating low-impact materials for the building industry, the fostering of alkali-activated binder gains high importance. Metakaolin can successfully be activated with alkalis at room temperature, but the contemporary use of wastes to create mixed binders can further increase the environmental benefits. Bottom ashes obtained from the incineration of municipal solid wastes have been tentatively mixed in different amounts to develop matrix with acceptable mechanical properties, which still can be cured at room temperature. Moreover, scraps obtained from the production of epoxy/carbon fiber composites are employed as a reinforcing phase. No chemical or physical treatments have been used to modify the epoxy/carbon fiber wastes, apart from size reduction, thus minimizing the overall economic and energy impact of the process. The workability, physical and mechanical properties, microstructure, and porosity of the obtained materials are investigated. Up to a 50 weight percent of bottom ashes from municipal solid waste incineration can be mixed with metakaolin. Fibers still embedded in the epoxy matrix disclose a fair interaction with the matrix, thus managing to increase flexural strength, toughness, and dimensional stability without decreasing the compressive strength. |
topic |
building materials carbon fibers composites wastes bottom ashes recycling alkali-activated materials |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2020.583400/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT stefaniamanzi alkaliactivatedbindersfromwasteincineratorbottomashesandmetakaolinreinforcedbyrecycledcarbonfibercomposites AT isabellalancellotti alkaliactivatedbindersfromwasteincineratorbottomashesandmetakaolinreinforcedbyrecycledcarbonfibercomposites AT giuliamasi alkaliactivatedbindersfromwasteincineratorbottomashesandmetakaolinreinforcedbyrecycledcarbonfibercomposites AT andreasaccani alkaliactivatedbindersfromwasteincineratorbottomashesandmetakaolinreinforcedbyrecycledcarbonfibercomposites |
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