Application of Polymerization Activator in the Course of Synthesis of N-Isopropylacrylamide Derivatives for Thermally Triggered Release of Naproxen Sodium
Poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (polyNIPA) is an extensively studied polymer in the field of controlled drug delivery. PolyNIPA contains carbonyl and amide groups along a hydrophobic chain. In an aqueous environment, crosslinked polyNIPA forms a gel characterized by a reversible volume phase transition t...
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doaj-1b892ab4a3bd457e96cb775d445534022020-11-24T23:16:58ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442018-02-0111226110.3390/ma11020261ma11020261Application of Polymerization Activator in the Course of Synthesis of N-Isopropylacrylamide Derivatives for Thermally Triggered Release of Naproxen SodiumMonika Gasztych0Anna Kotowska1Witold Musiał2Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, PolandDepartment of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, PolandDepartment of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, PolandPoly-N-isopropylacrylamide (polyNIPA) is an extensively studied polymer in the field of controlled drug delivery. PolyNIPA contains carbonyl and amide groups along a hydrophobic chain. In an aqueous environment, crosslinked polyNIPA forms a gel characterized by a reversible volume phase transition temperature (VPTT), in response to changes in the external environment excited by the temperature factor. NIPA-based polymers were synthesized by a surfactant-free precipitation polymerization (SFPP) method at a temperature of 70 °C using the free radical initiator potassium persulfate (KPS) and at 35 °C using redox initiator system KPS with N,N,N’,N’-tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED). The synthesized products were evaluated via dynamic light scattering (DLS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The chemical structure, molecular mass, and hydrodynamic diameter of obtained particles, as well as the effects of synthesized polymers on the release of the active substance, naproxen sodium (NS), from hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC)-based hydrogels were assessed. The use of the TEMED activator affected the particle size, as well as the release kinetics of NS. The insertion of TEMED into reactant mixtures may be applied to modify the release kinetics of NS from hydrogel preparations.http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/11/2/261N-isopropylacrylamidepolymer synthesisthermosensitive hydrogeldrug releasenaproxen sodium |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Monika Gasztych Anna Kotowska Witold Musiał |
spellingShingle |
Monika Gasztych Anna Kotowska Witold Musiał Application of Polymerization Activator in the Course of Synthesis of N-Isopropylacrylamide Derivatives for Thermally Triggered Release of Naproxen Sodium Materials N-isopropylacrylamide polymer synthesis thermosensitive hydrogel drug release naproxen sodium |
author_facet |
Monika Gasztych Anna Kotowska Witold Musiał |
author_sort |
Monika Gasztych |
title |
Application of Polymerization Activator in the Course of Synthesis of N-Isopropylacrylamide Derivatives for Thermally Triggered Release of Naproxen Sodium |
title_short |
Application of Polymerization Activator in the Course of Synthesis of N-Isopropylacrylamide Derivatives for Thermally Triggered Release of Naproxen Sodium |
title_full |
Application of Polymerization Activator in the Course of Synthesis of N-Isopropylacrylamide Derivatives for Thermally Triggered Release of Naproxen Sodium |
title_fullStr |
Application of Polymerization Activator in the Course of Synthesis of N-Isopropylacrylamide Derivatives for Thermally Triggered Release of Naproxen Sodium |
title_full_unstemmed |
Application of Polymerization Activator in the Course of Synthesis of N-Isopropylacrylamide Derivatives for Thermally Triggered Release of Naproxen Sodium |
title_sort |
application of polymerization activator in the course of synthesis of n-isopropylacrylamide derivatives for thermally triggered release of naproxen sodium |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Materials |
issn |
1996-1944 |
publishDate |
2018-02-01 |
description |
Poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (polyNIPA) is an extensively studied polymer in the field of controlled drug delivery. PolyNIPA contains carbonyl and amide groups along a hydrophobic chain. In an aqueous environment, crosslinked polyNIPA forms a gel characterized by a reversible volume phase transition temperature (VPTT), in response to changes in the external environment excited by the temperature factor. NIPA-based polymers were synthesized by a surfactant-free precipitation polymerization (SFPP) method at a temperature of 70 °C using the free radical initiator potassium persulfate (KPS) and at 35 °C using redox initiator system KPS with N,N,N’,N’-tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED). The synthesized products were evaluated via dynamic light scattering (DLS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The chemical structure, molecular mass, and hydrodynamic diameter of obtained particles, as well as the effects of synthesized polymers on the release of the active substance, naproxen sodium (NS), from hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC)-based hydrogels were assessed. The use of the TEMED activator affected the particle size, as well as the release kinetics of NS. The insertion of TEMED into reactant mixtures may be applied to modify the release kinetics of NS from hydrogel preparations. |
topic |
N-isopropylacrylamide polymer synthesis thermosensitive hydrogel drug release naproxen sodium |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/11/2/261 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT monikagasztych applicationofpolymerizationactivatorinthecourseofsynthesisofnisopropylacrylamidederivativesforthermallytriggeredreleaseofnaproxensodium AT annakotowska applicationofpolymerizationactivatorinthecourseofsynthesisofnisopropylacrylamidederivativesforthermallytriggeredreleaseofnaproxensodium AT witoldmusiał applicationofpolymerizationactivatorinthecourseofsynthesisofnisopropylacrylamidederivativesforthermallytriggeredreleaseofnaproxensodium |
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