The genome of the crustacean Parhyale hawaiensis, a model for animal development, regeneration, immunity and lignocellulose digestion

• Main Authors: Damian Kao, Alvina G Lai, Evangelia Stamataki, Silvana Rosic, Nikolaos Konstantinides, Erin Jarvis, Alessia Di Donfrancesco, Natalia Pouchkina-Stancheva, Marie Sémon, Marco Grillo, Heather Bruce, Suyash Kumar, Igor Siwanowicz, Andy Le, Andrew Lemire, Michael B Eisen, Cassandra Extavour, William E Browne, Carsten Wolff, Michalis Averof, Nipam H Patel, Peter Sarkies, Anastasios Pavlopoulos, Aziz Aboobaker
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: eLife Sciences Publications Ltd 2016-11-01
• Series: eLife
• Subjects: Parhyale; crustacean; genome; immunity; lignocellulose; epigenetics
• Online Access: https://elifesciences.org/articles/20062

The amphipod crustacean Parhyale hawaiensis is a blossoming model system for studies of developmental mechanisms and more recently regeneration. We have sequenced the genome allowing annotation of all key signaling pathways, transcription factors, and non-coding RNAs that will enhance ongoing functional studies. Parhyale is a member of the Malacostraca clade, which includes crustacean food crop species. We analysed the immunity related genes of Parhyale as an important comparative system for these species, where immunity related aquaculture problems have increased as farming has intensified. We also find that Parhyale and other species within Multicrustacea contain the enzyme sets necessary to perform lignocellulose digestion ('wood eating'), suggesting this ability may predate the diversification of this lineage. Our data provide an essential resource for further development of Parhyale as an experimental model. The first malacostracan genome will underpin ongoing comparative work in food crop species and research investigating lignocellulose as an energy source.