The Dilution Effect in High-Power Disk Laser Welding the Steel Plate Using a Nickel-Based Filler Wire
High-power disk laser welding a steel plate using the Inconel 82 (IN82) filler wire with a 1.2 and 3.0 m/min feeding rate has been investigated in the experiment. The rapid thermal cycle combined with convection induced by the keyhole mechanism in laser welding results in the rapid solidification of...
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doaj-1bf4afd11f53498cb35895ec15c27fb22021-06-01T01:18:47ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012021-05-011187487410.3390/met11060874The Dilution Effect in High-Power Disk Laser Welding the Steel Plate Using a Nickel-Based Filler WireMing-Feng Chiang0Tzu-Yuan Lo1Ping-Hui Chien2Chih-Hsien Chi3Kai-Chun Chang4An-Chou Yeh5Ren-Kae Shiue6Green Energy & System Integration Research & Development Department, China Steel, Kaohsiung 812, TaiwanDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, TaiwanDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, TaiwanDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, TaiwanDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, TaiwanDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, TaiwanDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, TaiwanHigh-power disk laser welding a steel plate using the Inconel 82 (IN82) filler wire with a 1.2 and 3.0 m/min feeding rate has been investigated in the experiment. The rapid thermal cycle combined with convection induced by the keyhole mechanism in laser welding results in the rapid solidification of the fusion zone (FZ). However, the microstructure of the FZ is not homogeneous at the macroscopic scale. The dilution of the FZ is important in determining the final microstructure of the weldment. For the specimen with a 1.2 m/min wire feeding rate, a lower amount of Ni-based IN82 filler is introduced into the weld pool, and the dilution of the FZ is between 65% and 100%. The BCC structure with high density boundaries dominates the entire FZ. For the specimen with a 3.0 m/min wire feeding rate, part of the filler melt is trapped on the top of the weld pool, and solidified into austenite alloyed with a Ni concentration above 15 at%. The range of dilution in the FZ with a 3.0 m/min wire feeding rate is decreased to 50–90%. There are hot cracks initiated/propagated along interdendritic austenite and in the austenite free of boundaries. Boundaries, especially for high-angle ones, in the BCC structure retard hot crack propagation in the FZ. The application of quantitative chemical analyses of Fe or Ni concentrations in the weldment provides a good approximation in evaluating the dilution of the FZ in laser welding. The methodology proposed in this study shows potential to obtain the dilution of any specific location in the FZ for industrial application in the future.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/6/874laser weldingdilutionInconel 82 filler wiresteel platemicrostructure |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Ming-Feng Chiang Tzu-Yuan Lo Ping-Hui Chien Chih-Hsien Chi Kai-Chun Chang An-Chou Yeh Ren-Kae Shiue |
spellingShingle |
Ming-Feng Chiang Tzu-Yuan Lo Ping-Hui Chien Chih-Hsien Chi Kai-Chun Chang An-Chou Yeh Ren-Kae Shiue The Dilution Effect in High-Power Disk Laser Welding the Steel Plate Using a Nickel-Based Filler Wire Metals laser welding dilution Inconel 82 filler wire steel plate microstructure |
author_facet |
Ming-Feng Chiang Tzu-Yuan Lo Ping-Hui Chien Chih-Hsien Chi Kai-Chun Chang An-Chou Yeh Ren-Kae Shiue |
author_sort |
Ming-Feng Chiang |
title |
The Dilution Effect in High-Power Disk Laser Welding the Steel Plate Using a Nickel-Based Filler Wire |
title_short |
The Dilution Effect in High-Power Disk Laser Welding the Steel Plate Using a Nickel-Based Filler Wire |
title_full |
The Dilution Effect in High-Power Disk Laser Welding the Steel Plate Using a Nickel-Based Filler Wire |
title_fullStr |
The Dilution Effect in High-Power Disk Laser Welding the Steel Plate Using a Nickel-Based Filler Wire |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Dilution Effect in High-Power Disk Laser Welding the Steel Plate Using a Nickel-Based Filler Wire |
title_sort |
dilution effect in high-power disk laser welding the steel plate using a nickel-based filler wire |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Metals |
issn |
2075-4701 |
publishDate |
2021-05-01 |
description |
High-power disk laser welding a steel plate using the Inconel 82 (IN82) filler wire with a 1.2 and 3.0 m/min feeding rate has been investigated in the experiment. The rapid thermal cycle combined with convection induced by the keyhole mechanism in laser welding results in the rapid solidification of the fusion zone (FZ). However, the microstructure of the FZ is not homogeneous at the macroscopic scale. The dilution of the FZ is important in determining the final microstructure of the weldment. For the specimen with a 1.2 m/min wire feeding rate, a lower amount of Ni-based IN82 filler is introduced into the weld pool, and the dilution of the FZ is between 65% and 100%. The BCC structure with high density boundaries dominates the entire FZ. For the specimen with a 3.0 m/min wire feeding rate, part of the filler melt is trapped on the top of the weld pool, and solidified into austenite alloyed with a Ni concentration above 15 at%. The range of dilution in the FZ with a 3.0 m/min wire feeding rate is decreased to 50–90%. There are hot cracks initiated/propagated along interdendritic austenite and in the austenite free of boundaries. Boundaries, especially for high-angle ones, in the BCC structure retard hot crack propagation in the FZ. The application of quantitative chemical analyses of Fe or Ni concentrations in the weldment provides a good approximation in evaluating the dilution of the FZ in laser welding. The methodology proposed in this study shows potential to obtain the dilution of any specific location in the FZ for industrial application in the future. |
topic |
laser welding dilution Inconel 82 filler wire steel plate microstructure |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/6/874 |
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