Evaluation of fecal gram stains and prevalence of endoparasites in free-living macaws
Although Brazil has a great bird diversity, information on the health status of free living psittacine is scarce. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of endoparasites and the ratio of gram-negative versus gram-positive bacteria in the feces of free-living adult Hyacinth and Green-w...
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Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas
2016-06-01
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doaj-1cebec527e3348148aa2385c491d9e002020-11-25T00:08:19ZporFaculdades Metropolitanas UnidasAtas de Saúde Ambiental2357-76142016-06-01330311660Evaluation of fecal gram stains and prevalence of endoparasites in free-living macawsAndré B. S. Saidenberg0James D. Gilardi1Charles A. Munn2Terezinha Knöbl3Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo. Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508 270, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.World Parrot Trust, TR27 4HB, Glanmor House, Hayle, Cornwall, UK.Tropical Nature, Inc. Tropical Nature Travel, PO Box 5276, Gainesville, FL, USA.Universidade de São Paulo, São PauloAlthough Brazil has a great bird diversity, information on the health status of free living psittacine is scarce. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of endoparasites and the ratio of gram-negative versus gram-positive bacteria in the feces of free-living adult Hyacinth and Green-winged macaws. Fecal samples were collected placing camouflaged sheet covers on bird foraging areas. Fifty-five swabs were evaluated by gram staining technique and 101 fecal samples were analyzed using flotation and centrifugation methods. None of the samples presented parasites or ova. The presence of gram-negative bacteria was detected in 1.8% of the fecal samples. These results suggest that parasites and gram-negative bacteria may be transient in the gastrointestinal tract of healthy free-living psittacine birds. This situation is quite different from what is observed for birds in captivity, where stressful events and improper husbandry facilitate the dysbiosis and high parasite loads, with an imbalance in the host-parasite relationship.http://www.revistaseletronicas.fmu.br/index.php/ASA/article/view/814endoparasitasbactéria gram negativamicrobiotapsitacídeosaves selvagens |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
Portuguese |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
André B. S. Saidenberg James D. Gilardi Charles A. Munn Terezinha Knöbl |
spellingShingle |
André B. S. Saidenberg James D. Gilardi Charles A. Munn Terezinha Knöbl Evaluation of fecal gram stains and prevalence of endoparasites in free-living macaws Atas de Saúde Ambiental endoparasitas bactéria gram negativa microbiota psitacídeos aves selvagens |
author_facet |
André B. S. Saidenberg James D. Gilardi Charles A. Munn Terezinha Knöbl |
author_sort |
André B. S. Saidenberg |
title |
Evaluation of fecal gram stains and prevalence of endoparasites in free-living macaws |
title_short |
Evaluation of fecal gram stains and prevalence of endoparasites in free-living macaws |
title_full |
Evaluation of fecal gram stains and prevalence of endoparasites in free-living macaws |
title_fullStr |
Evaluation of fecal gram stains and prevalence of endoparasites in free-living macaws |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evaluation of fecal gram stains and prevalence of endoparasites in free-living macaws |
title_sort |
evaluation of fecal gram stains and prevalence of endoparasites in free-living macaws |
publisher |
Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas |
series |
Atas de Saúde Ambiental |
issn |
2357-7614 |
publishDate |
2016-06-01 |
description |
Although Brazil has a great bird diversity, information on the health status of free living psittacine is scarce. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of endoparasites and the ratio of gram-negative versus gram-positive bacteria in the feces of free-living adult Hyacinth and Green-winged macaws. Fecal samples were collected placing camouflaged sheet covers on bird foraging areas. Fifty-five swabs were evaluated by gram staining technique and 101 fecal samples were analyzed using flotation and centrifugation methods. None of the samples presented parasites or ova. The presence of gram-negative bacteria was detected in 1.8% of the fecal samples. These results suggest that parasites and gram-negative bacteria may be transient in the gastrointestinal tract of healthy free-living psittacine birds. This situation is quite different from what is observed for birds in captivity, where stressful events and improper husbandry facilitate the dysbiosis and high parasite loads, with an imbalance in the host-parasite relationship. |
topic |
endoparasitas bactéria gram negativa microbiota psitacídeos aves selvagens |
url |
http://www.revistaseletronicas.fmu.br/index.php/ASA/article/view/814 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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