An in situ and ex situ study of χ phase formation in a hypoeutectic Fe-based hardfacing alloy
In this work, the effect of topologically close-packed χ phase on the microstructure and properties of the rapidly solidified hypoeutectic iron-based Fe-25Cr-7Mo-0.8C alloy was investigated. The novelty of the work is based on the introduction of χ phase into the Fe-based hypoeutectic alloy with the...
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doaj-1d82c1fec73342ab8b48b33f1b1aa09d2020-11-25T03:35:17ZengElsevierMaterials & Design0264-12752020-03-01188An in situ and ex situ study of χ phase formation in a hypoeutectic Fe-based hardfacing alloyK. Wieczerzak0J. Michler1J.M. Wheeler2S. Lech3R. Chulist4Ł. Gondek5J. Czub6A. Hoser7N. Schell8P. Bała9Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research, Laboratory for Mechanics of Materials and Nanostructures, Feuerwerkerstrasse 39, Thun CH-3602, Switzerland; AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science, Al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; Corresponding author at: Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research, Laboratory for Mechanics of Materials and Nanostructures, Feuerwerkerstrasse 39, Thun CH-3602, Switzerland.Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research, Laboratory for Mechanics of Materials and Nanostructures, Feuerwerkerstrasse 39, Thun CH-3602, SwitzerlandETH Zurich, Department of Materials, Laboratory for Nanometallurgy, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, Zürich 8093, SwitzerlandAGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science, Al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; AGH University of Science and Technology, International Centre of Electron Microscopy for Materials Science and Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science, Al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, PolandInstitute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Polish Academy of Sciences, Reymonta St. 25, 30-059 Kraków, PolandAGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, PolandAGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, PolandHelmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, GermanyInstitute of Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, D-21502 Geesthacht, GermanyAGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science, Al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; AGH University of Science and Technology, Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, Al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, PolandIn this work, the effect of topologically close-packed χ phase on the microstructure and properties of the rapidly solidified hypoeutectic iron-based Fe-25Cr-7Mo-0.8C alloy was investigated. The novelty of the work is based on the introduction of χ phase into the Fe-based hypoeutectic alloy with the aim of reducing the mean free path of the matrix and increasing abrasive resistance. The phase composition was studied using in situ neutron and ex situ X-ray synchrotron diffraction. The microstructural evolution was analyzed via scanning and transmission electron microscopy and modelled using CALPHAD thermodynamic calculations. The mechanical behavior of the evolving microstructure was quantified using high-speed nanoindentation mapping. At low temperatures (650 °C), the χ phase nucleates mainly in dendrite areas and exhibits a needle-like morphology caused by high misfit with the ferritic matrix. At higher temperatures (800 °C), the χ phase nucleates on carbide/matrix interfaces and in dendrites and is characterized by a blocky morphology. Simultaneously, the evolution of M23C6 carbide morphology towards a continuous and solid network of precipitates was observed. Such changes in the alloy's microstructure induced an increase in hardness of about 16% and resulted in the reduction of the average scratch depth in comparison to as-cast state. Keywords: Hypoeutectic alloy, Fe-Cr-Mo-C system, Hardfacing, M23C6 carbides, TCP phase, Wearhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127519308767 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
K. Wieczerzak J. Michler J.M. Wheeler S. Lech R. Chulist Ł. Gondek J. Czub A. Hoser N. Schell P. Bała |
spellingShingle |
K. Wieczerzak J. Michler J.M. Wheeler S. Lech R. Chulist Ł. Gondek J. Czub A. Hoser N. Schell P. Bała An in situ and ex situ study of χ phase formation in a hypoeutectic Fe-based hardfacing alloy Materials & Design |
author_facet |
K. Wieczerzak J. Michler J.M. Wheeler S. Lech R. Chulist Ł. Gondek J. Czub A. Hoser N. Schell P. Bała |
author_sort |
K. Wieczerzak |
title |
An in situ and ex situ study of χ phase formation in a hypoeutectic Fe-based hardfacing alloy |
title_short |
An in situ and ex situ study of χ phase formation in a hypoeutectic Fe-based hardfacing alloy |
title_full |
An in situ and ex situ study of χ phase formation in a hypoeutectic Fe-based hardfacing alloy |
title_fullStr |
An in situ and ex situ study of χ phase formation in a hypoeutectic Fe-based hardfacing alloy |
title_full_unstemmed |
An in situ and ex situ study of χ phase formation in a hypoeutectic Fe-based hardfacing alloy |
title_sort |
in situ and ex situ study of χ phase formation in a hypoeutectic fe-based hardfacing alloy |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Materials & Design |
issn |
0264-1275 |
publishDate |
2020-03-01 |
description |
In this work, the effect of topologically close-packed χ phase on the microstructure and properties of the rapidly solidified hypoeutectic iron-based Fe-25Cr-7Mo-0.8C alloy was investigated. The novelty of the work is based on the introduction of χ phase into the Fe-based hypoeutectic alloy with the aim of reducing the mean free path of the matrix and increasing abrasive resistance. The phase composition was studied using in situ neutron and ex situ X-ray synchrotron diffraction. The microstructural evolution was analyzed via scanning and transmission electron microscopy and modelled using CALPHAD thermodynamic calculations. The mechanical behavior of the evolving microstructure was quantified using high-speed nanoindentation mapping. At low temperatures (650 °C), the χ phase nucleates mainly in dendrite areas and exhibits a needle-like morphology caused by high misfit with the ferritic matrix. At higher temperatures (800 °C), the χ phase nucleates on carbide/matrix interfaces and in dendrites and is characterized by a blocky morphology. Simultaneously, the evolution of M23C6 carbide morphology towards a continuous and solid network of precipitates was observed. Such changes in the alloy's microstructure induced an increase in hardness of about 16% and resulted in the reduction of the average scratch depth in comparison to as-cast state. Keywords: Hypoeutectic alloy, Fe-Cr-Mo-C system, Hardfacing, M23C6 carbides, TCP phase, Wear |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127519308767 |
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