Geospatial analysis and impact of targeted development of breast cancer care in The Gambia: a cross-sectional study

• Main Authors: Ousman Sanyang, Fidel Lopez-Verdugo, Meghan Mali, Moustafa Moustafa, Jonathan Nellermoe, Justin Sorensen, Mustapha Bittaye, Ramou Njie, Yankuba Singhateh, Ngally Aboubacarr Sambou, Alison Goldsmith, Nuredin I. Mohammed, Kirstyn E. Brownson, Raymond R. Price, Edward Sutherland
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: BMC 2021-09-01
• Series: BMC Health Services Research
• Subjects: Breast cancer; Access to cancer care; Geospatial analysis; Global health; Global surgery; Sub-Saharan Africa
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-021-06963-7

Abstract Background The Gambia has one of the lowest survival rates for breast cancer in Africa. Contributing factors are late presentation, delays within the healthcare system, and decreased availability of resources. We aimed to characterize the capacity and geographic location of healthcare facilities in the country and calculate the proportion of the population with access to breast cancer care. Methods A facility-based assessment tool was administered to secondary and tertiary healthcare facilities and private medical centers and clinics in The Gambia. GPS coordinates were obtained, and proximity of service availability and population analysis were performed. Distance thresholds of 10, 20, and 45 km were chosen to determine access to screening, pathologic diagnosis, and surgical management. An additional population analysis was performed to observe the potential impact of targeted development of resources for breast cancer care. Results All 102 secondary and tertiary healthcare facilities and private medical centers and clinics in The Gambia were included. Breast cancer screening is mainly performed through clinical breast examination and is available in 52 facilities. Seven facilities provide pathologic diagnosis and surgical management of breast cancer. The proportion of the Gambian population with access to screening, pathologic diagnosis, and surgical management is 72, 53, and 62%, respectively. A hypothetical targeted expansion of resources would increase the covered population to 95, 62, and 84%. Conclusions Almost half of the Gambian population does not have access to pathologic diagnosis and surgical management of breast cancer within the distance threshold utilized in the study. Mapping and population analysis can identify areas for targeted development of resources to increase access to breast cancer care.