The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the black-capped capuchin (Cebus apella)

• Main Authors: Xiao-xin Bi, Ling Huang, Mei-dong Jing, Li Zhang, Pei-yong Feng, Ai-yun Wang
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Sociedade Brasileira de Genética 2012-01-01
• Series: Genetics and Molecular Biology
• Subjects: Cebus apella; control region; mitochondrial genome; phylogenomics
• Online Access: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572012000300023

The phylogenetic relationships of primates have been extensively investigated, but key issues remain unresolved. Complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) data have many advantages in phylogenetic analyses, but such data are available for only 46 primate species. In this work, we determined the complete mitogenome sequence of the black-capped capuchin (Cebus apella). The genome was 16,538 bp in size and consisted of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNAs, two rRNAs and a control region. The genome organization, nucleotide composition and codon usage did not differ significantly from those of other primates. The control region contained several distinct repeat motifs, including a putative termination-associated sequence (TAS) and several conserved sequence blocks (CSB-F, E, D, C, B and 1). Among the protein-coding genes, the COII gene had lower nonsynonymous and synonymous substitutions rates while the ATP8 and ND4 genes had higher rates. A phylogenetic analysis using Maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods and the complete mitogenome data for platyrrhine species confirmed the basal position of the Callicebinae and the sister relationship between Atelinae and Cebidae, as well as the sister relationship between Aotinae (Aotus) and Cebinae (Cebus/Saimiri) in Cebidae. These conclusions agreed with the most recent molecular phylogenetic investigations on primates. This work provides a framework for the use of complete mitogenome information in phylogenetic analyses of the Platyrrhini and primates in general.