High Density and Uniform Plant Distribution Improve Soybean Yield by Regulating Population Uniformity and Canopy Light Interception
Optimizing the spatial distribution of plants under normal conditions of water and fertilizer is widely used by farmers to improve soybean yield. However, the relationship between soybean yield and spatial plant distribution in the field has not been well studied. This study examined the effect of p...
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doaj-1e24d1202f5d4543a575733cf3b0b3332021-09-25T23:34:58ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952021-09-01111880188010.3390/agronomy11091880High Density and Uniform Plant Distribution Improve Soybean Yield by Regulating Population Uniformity and Canopy Light InterceptionCailong Xu0Ruidong Li1Wenwen Song2Tingting Wu3Shi Sun4Tianfu Han5Cunxiang Wu6Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Soybean Industrial Technology R & D Center, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Soybean Industrial Technology R & D Center, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Soybean Industrial Technology R & D Center, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Soybean Industrial Technology R & D Center, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Soybean Industrial Technology R & D Center, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Soybean Industrial Technology R & D Center, Beijing 100081, ChinaInstitute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Soybean Industrial Technology R & D Center, Beijing 100081, ChinaOptimizing the spatial distribution of plants under normal conditions of water and fertilizer is widely used by farmers to improve soybean yield. However, the relationship between soybean yield and spatial plant distribution in the field has not been well studied. This study examined the effect of planting density and plant distribution pattern on soybean plant growth, yield components, canopy light interception, and dry matter accumulation. We also analyzed the relationship between photosynthetic rate, dry matter accumulation, and yield under different planting densities and plant distribution. A two year field experiment was conducted during the 2018 and 2019 soybean planting seasons. Two planting densities (1.8 × 10<sup>5</sup> and 2.7 × 10<sup>5</sup> plants ha<sup>−1</sup>) and two plant distribution patterns (uniform and non-uniform plant spacing) were tested. Higher planting density significantly increased the canopy light interception and dry matter accumulation during soybean growth, leading to increased soybean productivity. The seed yield of soybean under higher planting density was 22.8% higher than under normal planting density. Soybean planted under uniform spacing significantly reduced the differences plant-to-plant. Uniform plant spacing significantly increased the canopy light interception and dry matter accumulation of the soybean population. In addition, the coefficient of variation of seed weight per plant between individual plants under uniform plant distribution decreased by 71.5% compared with non-uniform plant distribution. Furthermore, uniform plant distribution increased soybean seed yield by 9.5% over non-uniform plant distribution. This study demonstrates that increasing planting density under uniform plant distribution can be useful to obtain higher seed yield without increasing other farm inputs.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/9/1880soybeanhigh planting densityuniform plant distributionseed yield |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Cailong Xu Ruidong Li Wenwen Song Tingting Wu Shi Sun Tianfu Han Cunxiang Wu |
spellingShingle |
Cailong Xu Ruidong Li Wenwen Song Tingting Wu Shi Sun Tianfu Han Cunxiang Wu High Density and Uniform Plant Distribution Improve Soybean Yield by Regulating Population Uniformity and Canopy Light Interception Agronomy soybean high planting density uniform plant distribution seed yield |
author_facet |
Cailong Xu Ruidong Li Wenwen Song Tingting Wu Shi Sun Tianfu Han Cunxiang Wu |
author_sort |
Cailong Xu |
title |
High Density and Uniform Plant Distribution Improve Soybean Yield by Regulating Population Uniformity and Canopy Light Interception |
title_short |
High Density and Uniform Plant Distribution Improve Soybean Yield by Regulating Population Uniformity and Canopy Light Interception |
title_full |
High Density and Uniform Plant Distribution Improve Soybean Yield by Regulating Population Uniformity and Canopy Light Interception |
title_fullStr |
High Density and Uniform Plant Distribution Improve Soybean Yield by Regulating Population Uniformity and Canopy Light Interception |
title_full_unstemmed |
High Density and Uniform Plant Distribution Improve Soybean Yield by Regulating Population Uniformity and Canopy Light Interception |
title_sort |
high density and uniform plant distribution improve soybean yield by regulating population uniformity and canopy light interception |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Agronomy |
issn |
2073-4395 |
publishDate |
2021-09-01 |
description |
Optimizing the spatial distribution of plants under normal conditions of water and fertilizer is widely used by farmers to improve soybean yield. However, the relationship between soybean yield and spatial plant distribution in the field has not been well studied. This study examined the effect of planting density and plant distribution pattern on soybean plant growth, yield components, canopy light interception, and dry matter accumulation. We also analyzed the relationship between photosynthetic rate, dry matter accumulation, and yield under different planting densities and plant distribution. A two year field experiment was conducted during the 2018 and 2019 soybean planting seasons. Two planting densities (1.8 × 10<sup>5</sup> and 2.7 × 10<sup>5</sup> plants ha<sup>−1</sup>) and two plant distribution patterns (uniform and non-uniform plant spacing) were tested. Higher planting density significantly increased the canopy light interception and dry matter accumulation during soybean growth, leading to increased soybean productivity. The seed yield of soybean under higher planting density was 22.8% higher than under normal planting density. Soybean planted under uniform spacing significantly reduced the differences plant-to-plant. Uniform plant spacing significantly increased the canopy light interception and dry matter accumulation of the soybean population. In addition, the coefficient of variation of seed weight per plant between individual plants under uniform plant distribution decreased by 71.5% compared with non-uniform plant distribution. Furthermore, uniform plant distribution increased soybean seed yield by 9.5% over non-uniform plant distribution. This study demonstrates that increasing planting density under uniform plant distribution can be useful to obtain higher seed yield without increasing other farm inputs. |
topic |
soybean high planting density uniform plant distribution seed yield |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/9/1880 |
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