Enantioselective Study on the Biodegradation of Verapamil and Cytalopram by Chiral Capillary Electrophoresis
Many of the currently available drugs are chiral compounds that are marketed as racemates or, to a lesser extent, in the form of one of the enantiomers since a pair of enantiomers may have different toxicological and ecotoxicological properties compared to each other. The evaluation of enantioselect...
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doaj-1fce8af9036e4aaa8acf2f07dace3aad2021-03-09T00:03:00ZengMDPI AGSeparations2297-87392021-03-018292910.3390/separations8030029Enantioselective Study on the Biodegradation of Verapamil and Cytalopram by Chiral Capillary ElectrophoresisYolanda Martín-Biosca0Laura Escuder-Gilabert1Salvador Sagrado2María José Medina-Hernández3Departamento de Química Analítica, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, SpainDepartamento de Química Analítica, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, SpainDepartamento de Química Analítica, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, SpainDepartamento de Química Analítica, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, SpainMany of the currently available drugs are chiral compounds that are marketed as racemates or, to a lesser extent, in the form of one of the enantiomers since a pair of enantiomers may have different toxicological and ecotoxicological properties compared to each other. The evaluation of enantioselectivity in biodegradation processes is essential for environmental risk assessment. The objective of this research is to study the enantioselectivity in the biodegradation of two common chiral drugs, citalopram and verapamil, using highly sulphated-γ-cyclodextrin (HS-γ-CD) as chiral selector in Capillary Electrophoresis. Biodegradation experiments were performed in batch mode using a minimal salt medium inoculated with an activated sludge and supplemented with the corresponding enantiomeric mixture. The cultures were incubated at 20 °C for 28 days. Abiotic degradation of verapamil and citalopram enantiomers was also assessed. The concentration of the enantiomers of verapamil and citalopram were monitored using 0.7% and 0.1% m/v HS-γ-CD solutions as chiral selector, respectively. Separations were carried out using the complete filling technique. The results of biodegradability tests indicate that citalopram could be considered potentially persistent while verapamil is presumed to be a non-persistent compound. No evidence of enantioselectivity was observed in any of the biodegradation processes.https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/8/3/29biodegradationenantioselectivitychiral capillary electrophoresis |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Yolanda Martín-Biosca Laura Escuder-Gilabert Salvador Sagrado María José Medina-Hernández |
spellingShingle |
Yolanda Martín-Biosca Laura Escuder-Gilabert Salvador Sagrado María José Medina-Hernández Enantioselective Study on the Biodegradation of Verapamil and Cytalopram by Chiral Capillary Electrophoresis Separations biodegradation enantioselectivity chiral capillary electrophoresis |
author_facet |
Yolanda Martín-Biosca Laura Escuder-Gilabert Salvador Sagrado María José Medina-Hernández |
author_sort |
Yolanda Martín-Biosca |
title |
Enantioselective Study on the Biodegradation of Verapamil and Cytalopram by Chiral Capillary Electrophoresis |
title_short |
Enantioselective Study on the Biodegradation of Verapamil and Cytalopram by Chiral Capillary Electrophoresis |
title_full |
Enantioselective Study on the Biodegradation of Verapamil and Cytalopram by Chiral Capillary Electrophoresis |
title_fullStr |
Enantioselective Study on the Biodegradation of Verapamil and Cytalopram by Chiral Capillary Electrophoresis |
title_full_unstemmed |
Enantioselective Study on the Biodegradation of Verapamil and Cytalopram by Chiral Capillary Electrophoresis |
title_sort |
enantioselective study on the biodegradation of verapamil and cytalopram by chiral capillary electrophoresis |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Separations |
issn |
2297-8739 |
publishDate |
2021-03-01 |
description |
Many of the currently available drugs are chiral compounds that are marketed as racemates or, to a lesser extent, in the form of one of the enantiomers since a pair of enantiomers may have different toxicological and ecotoxicological properties compared to each other. The evaluation of enantioselectivity in biodegradation processes is essential for environmental risk assessment. The objective of this research is to study the enantioselectivity in the biodegradation of two common chiral drugs, citalopram and verapamil, using highly sulphated-γ-cyclodextrin (HS-γ-CD) as chiral selector in Capillary Electrophoresis. Biodegradation experiments were performed in batch mode using a minimal salt medium inoculated with an activated sludge and supplemented with the corresponding enantiomeric mixture. The cultures were incubated at 20 °C for 28 days. Abiotic degradation of verapamil and citalopram enantiomers was also assessed. The concentration of the enantiomers of verapamil and citalopram were monitored using 0.7% and 0.1% m/v HS-γ-CD solutions as chiral selector, respectively. Separations were carried out using the complete filling technique. The results of biodegradability tests indicate that citalopram could be considered potentially persistent while verapamil is presumed to be a non-persistent compound. No evidence of enantioselectivity was observed in any of the biodegradation processes. |
topic |
biodegradation enantioselectivity chiral capillary electrophoresis |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/8/3/29 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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