Miliary Brain Tuberculomas and Meningitis: Tuberculosis Beyond the Lungs

• Main Authors: Gisela Vasconcelos, Ligia Santos, Catarina Couto, Margarida Cruz, Alice Castro
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: SMC MEDIA SRL 2020-09-01
• Series: European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine
• Subjects: miliary tuberculosis; meningitis; brain tuberculomas
• Online Access: https://www.ejcrim.com/index.php/EJCRIM/article/view/1931

Tuberculosis remains one of the most common infectious diseases. Miliary presentation is a rare and possibly lethal form, resulting from massive lymphohaematogenous dissemination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli. The authors describe the case of a 47-year-old immunocompetent woman, diagnosed with miliary tuberculosis, with both lung and central nervous system involvement, who showed total recovery after starting anti-tuberculous drugs. The atypical neutrophilic-predominant pleocytosis and negative cerebrospinal fluid microbiological results made the diagnosis even more challenging. Since prognosis largely depends on timely treatment, recognition and prompt diagnosis is important. Thus, clinicians should be aware and treatment should be initiated as soon as the diagnosis is suspected.