| Summary: | Background: There are no data on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and arterial stiffness parameters in sub-Saharan African children. We performed 24-hour ABPM and pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurements in adolescents living in 2 slums in Nairobi, Kenya.
Methods: We selected 1,100 11–17 year olds who from birth had been continuous residents of the Nairobi Urban Health and Demographic Surveillance System (NUHDSS) to participate in the study. Participants underwent anthropometric measurements (weight, height, mid-upper arm circumference [MUAC]) and answered questions on their socioeconomic status (SES). A clinic BP measurement was then taken using an automated Omron ™ M10-IT monitor (mean of 2 from 3 readings). Participants then underwent 24-hr ABPM and PWV measurement using an Arteriograph ™24 monitor.
Results: 500 (90%) of 558 children recruited between December 2015 and June 2016 had acceptable ABPM readings (≥ 20 daytime and ≥7 nighttime readings). Mean (SD) clinic BP, and 24 hour-ABPM values were 98(11) and 117(12) systolic and 63(8) and 64(7) mmHg diastolic respectively. Mean clinic PWV and 24 hour-PWV were 7.3(1.5) ms−1 and 7(0.8) ms−1respectively. In multivariate regression analyses age (p=0.004), BMI (p=0.033) and PWV (p<0.001) were strong independent predictors of 24-hour BP values. Blood indices (hemoglobin, white cell and platelet count), gender, MUAC and SES had no independent influence on 24hr BP and PWV.
Conclusions: These are to our knowledge the first 24hr ABPM and PWV data generated from sSA adolescents. Long-term cardiovascular outcome studies are needed to determine the predictive ability of ABPM and PWV measurements.
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