Microbial Dynamics and In Vitro Degradation of Plant Secondary Metabolites in Hanwoo Steer Rumen Fluids
Plant secondary metabolite (PSM) degradations and feed breakdown into small particles may occur primarily in the rumen. It is possible to predict the rate and extent of feed disappearance in the rumen during incubation by different in vitro techniques, which differ based on the PSM structures, inclu...
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doaj-204949f1bd624a70a247495dfe1f8dec2021-08-26T13:27:15ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152021-08-01112350235010.3390/ani11082350Microbial Dynamics and In Vitro Degradation of Plant Secondary Metabolites in Hanwoo Steer Rumen FluidsDahye Kim0Palaniselvam Kuppusamy1Jeong Sung Jung2Kyoung Hoon Kim3Ki Choon Choi4Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, KoreaGrassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000, KoreaFaculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, KoreaDepartment of International Agricultural Technology, Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, KoreaGrassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000, KoreaPlant secondary metabolite (PSM) degradations and feed breakdown into small particles may occur primarily in the rumen. It is possible to predict the rate and extent of feed disappearance in the rumen during incubation by different in vitro techniques, which differ based on the PSM structures, including phenolics, and flavonoids. However, PSM degradation and conversion efficiency in the rumen remains unclear. This study’s objective was to evaluate the in vitro degradation of a group of PSMs in the rumen fluid, collected from Hanwoo steer samples. PSMs including rutin, vitexin, myricetin, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, caffeic acid, quercetin, luteolin, propyl gallate, and kaempferol were used in their pure forms at 1mg/250 mL in a rumen fluid buffer system. The mixture of selected PSMs and buffer was incubated at 39 °C for 12–72 h, and samples were collected every 12 h and analyzed by a high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) to determine the biotransformation of the polyphenolics. The results revealed that the luteolin, ferulic acid, caffeic acid, coumaric acid, rutin, myricetin, vitexin, kaempferol, and quercetin were decreased after 12 h of incubation in the rumen fluid (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) and were more than 70% decreased at 72 h. In contrast, the propyl gallate concentrations were not significantly changed after 24 h of incubation in rumen fluid compared to other metabolites. Finally, microbial dynamics study showed that the Firmicutes, Bacterodetes, Actinobacteria, and Syngergistetes were the dominant phyla found in rumen fluids. The data suggest that most polyphenolic compounds may degrade or reform new complex structures in the rumen.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/8/2350rumenplant secondary metabolitesdegradationsHPLC-DADmicrobial dynamics |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Dahye Kim Palaniselvam Kuppusamy Jeong Sung Jung Kyoung Hoon Kim Ki Choon Choi |
spellingShingle |
Dahye Kim Palaniselvam Kuppusamy Jeong Sung Jung Kyoung Hoon Kim Ki Choon Choi Microbial Dynamics and In Vitro Degradation of Plant Secondary Metabolites in Hanwoo Steer Rumen Fluids Animals rumen plant secondary metabolites degradations HPLC-DAD microbial dynamics |
author_facet |
Dahye Kim Palaniselvam Kuppusamy Jeong Sung Jung Kyoung Hoon Kim Ki Choon Choi |
author_sort |
Dahye Kim |
title |
Microbial Dynamics and In Vitro Degradation of Plant Secondary Metabolites in Hanwoo Steer Rumen Fluids |
title_short |
Microbial Dynamics and In Vitro Degradation of Plant Secondary Metabolites in Hanwoo Steer Rumen Fluids |
title_full |
Microbial Dynamics and In Vitro Degradation of Plant Secondary Metabolites in Hanwoo Steer Rumen Fluids |
title_fullStr |
Microbial Dynamics and In Vitro Degradation of Plant Secondary Metabolites in Hanwoo Steer Rumen Fluids |
title_full_unstemmed |
Microbial Dynamics and In Vitro Degradation of Plant Secondary Metabolites in Hanwoo Steer Rumen Fluids |
title_sort |
microbial dynamics and in vitro degradation of plant secondary metabolites in hanwoo steer rumen fluids |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Animals |
issn |
2076-2615 |
publishDate |
2021-08-01 |
description |
Plant secondary metabolite (PSM) degradations and feed breakdown into small particles may occur primarily in the rumen. It is possible to predict the rate and extent of feed disappearance in the rumen during incubation by different in vitro techniques, which differ based on the PSM structures, including phenolics, and flavonoids. However, PSM degradation and conversion efficiency in the rumen remains unclear. This study’s objective was to evaluate the in vitro degradation of a group of PSMs in the rumen fluid, collected from Hanwoo steer samples. PSMs including rutin, vitexin, myricetin, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, caffeic acid, quercetin, luteolin, propyl gallate, and kaempferol were used in their pure forms at 1mg/250 mL in a rumen fluid buffer system. The mixture of selected PSMs and buffer was incubated at 39 °C for 12–72 h, and samples were collected every 12 h and analyzed by a high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) to determine the biotransformation of the polyphenolics. The results revealed that the luteolin, ferulic acid, caffeic acid, coumaric acid, rutin, myricetin, vitexin, kaempferol, and quercetin were decreased after 12 h of incubation in the rumen fluid (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) and were more than 70% decreased at 72 h. In contrast, the propyl gallate concentrations were not significantly changed after 24 h of incubation in rumen fluid compared to other metabolites. Finally, microbial dynamics study showed that the Firmicutes, Bacterodetes, Actinobacteria, and Syngergistetes were the dominant phyla found in rumen fluids. The data suggest that most polyphenolic compounds may degrade or reform new complex structures in the rumen. |
topic |
rumen plant secondary metabolites degradations HPLC-DAD microbial dynamics |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/8/2350 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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1721195332254040064 |