Evaluation of MSW Compost and Digestate Mixtures for a Circular Economy Application
In order to obtain a product with agronomic characteristics and biological stability consistent with the EU fertilizer decree for the market of EU fertilising products three different mixtures obtained from sludge digestate from municipal wastewater treatment plant, fresh compost and mature compost...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-04-01
|
Series: | Sustainability |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/7/3042 |
id |
doaj-2161f19ebcca4e96b4af60ab4e10a216 |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-2161f19ebcca4e96b4af60ab4e10a2162020-11-25T03:05:53ZengMDPI AGSustainability2071-10502020-04-01123042304210.3390/su12073042Evaluation of MSW Compost and Digestate Mixtures for a Circular Economy ApplicationIsabella Pecorini0Eleonora Peruzzi1Elena Albini2Serena Doni3Cristina Macci4Grazia Masciandaro5Renato Iannelli6DESTEC—Department of Energy, Systems, Territory and Construction Engineering, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, ItalyResearch Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (CNR-IRET), National Research Council of Italy, 56124 Pisa, ItalyDIEF—Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, ItalyResearch Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (CNR-IRET), National Research Council of Italy, 56124 Pisa, ItalyResearch Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (CNR-IRET), National Research Council of Italy, 56124 Pisa, ItalyResearch Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (CNR-IRET), National Research Council of Italy, 56124 Pisa, ItalyDESTEC—Department of Energy, Systems, Territory and Construction Engineering, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, ItalyIn order to obtain a product with agronomic characteristics and biological stability consistent with the EU fertilizer decree for the market of EU fertilising products three different mixtures obtained from sludge digestate from municipal wastewater treatment plant, fresh compost and mature compost have been studied and characterized. For the experimental activity, the raw samples and three mixing ones were collected for the analytical characterization. The biological stability was then assessed for all samples using different stability criteria such as Specific Oxygen Uptake Rate, Rottegrad self-heating factor, Residual biogas potential. Specific enzymatic tests provided information about the status of nutrient cycles (C, P and S) and to overall microbial activity. Physical (bulk density, particle density, air capacity and water content), nutritional (C, N, P, K, Mg, and Ca) and toxicological properties (seedling growth tests on <i>Lepidum sativum</i> L., <i>Cucumis sativus</i> L., <i>Lolium perenne</i> L.) were also evaluated in order to assess the feasibility of agronomic use of the digestate-based mixtures. All the digestate-based mixtures responded to the main characteristics of compost quality requirements proposed in national and international regulations. The evidence found in this study highlighted that the strategy of mixing of sludge digestates with the composts allowed to mitigate the environmental risk posed by each starting material and to valorize their nutrient content.https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/7/3042digestateanaerobic digestioncompostsludgeamendment propertiesstability indexes |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Isabella Pecorini Eleonora Peruzzi Elena Albini Serena Doni Cristina Macci Grazia Masciandaro Renato Iannelli |
spellingShingle |
Isabella Pecorini Eleonora Peruzzi Elena Albini Serena Doni Cristina Macci Grazia Masciandaro Renato Iannelli Evaluation of MSW Compost and Digestate Mixtures for a Circular Economy Application Sustainability digestate anaerobic digestion compost sludge amendment properties stability indexes |
author_facet |
Isabella Pecorini Eleonora Peruzzi Elena Albini Serena Doni Cristina Macci Grazia Masciandaro Renato Iannelli |
author_sort |
Isabella Pecorini |
title |
Evaluation of MSW Compost and Digestate Mixtures for a Circular Economy Application |
title_short |
Evaluation of MSW Compost and Digestate Mixtures for a Circular Economy Application |
title_full |
Evaluation of MSW Compost and Digestate Mixtures for a Circular Economy Application |
title_fullStr |
Evaluation of MSW Compost and Digestate Mixtures for a Circular Economy Application |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evaluation of MSW Compost and Digestate Mixtures for a Circular Economy Application |
title_sort |
evaluation of msw compost and digestate mixtures for a circular economy application |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Sustainability |
issn |
2071-1050 |
publishDate |
2020-04-01 |
description |
In order to obtain a product with agronomic characteristics and biological stability consistent with the EU fertilizer decree for the market of EU fertilising products three different mixtures obtained from sludge digestate from municipal wastewater treatment plant, fresh compost and mature compost have been studied and characterized. For the experimental activity, the raw samples and three mixing ones were collected for the analytical characterization. The biological stability was then assessed for all samples using different stability criteria such as Specific Oxygen Uptake Rate, Rottegrad self-heating factor, Residual biogas potential. Specific enzymatic tests provided information about the status of nutrient cycles (C, P and S) and to overall microbial activity. Physical (bulk density, particle density, air capacity and water content), nutritional (C, N, P, K, Mg, and Ca) and toxicological properties (seedling growth tests on <i>Lepidum sativum</i> L., <i>Cucumis sativus</i> L., <i>Lolium perenne</i> L.) were also evaluated in order to assess the feasibility of agronomic use of the digestate-based mixtures. All the digestate-based mixtures responded to the main characteristics of compost quality requirements proposed in national and international regulations. The evidence found in this study highlighted that the strategy of mixing of sludge digestates with the composts allowed to mitigate the environmental risk posed by each starting material and to valorize their nutrient content. |
topic |
digestate anaerobic digestion compost sludge amendment properties stability indexes |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/7/3042 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT isabellapecorini evaluationofmswcompostanddigestatemixturesforacirculareconomyapplication AT eleonoraperuzzi evaluationofmswcompostanddigestatemixturesforacirculareconomyapplication AT elenaalbini evaluationofmswcompostanddigestatemixturesforacirculareconomyapplication AT serenadoni evaluationofmswcompostanddigestatemixturesforacirculareconomyapplication AT cristinamacci evaluationofmswcompostanddigestatemixturesforacirculareconomyapplication AT graziamasciandaro evaluationofmswcompostanddigestatemixturesforacirculareconomyapplication AT renatoiannelli evaluationofmswcompostanddigestatemixturesforacirculareconomyapplication |
_version_ |
1724676773221761024 |