Analgesic Effect of Butorphanol during Castration in Donkeys under Total Intravenous Anaesthesia
Pain management is necessary for all surgical procedures. Little scientific evidence about drug efficacy in donkeys is available. The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic effect of butorphanol in donkeys undergoing orchiectomy under total intravenous anaesthesia with guaifenesin-ketamine-...
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doaj-221c3c009e4b43e9bdbf174c9b95f1352021-08-26T13:27:14ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152021-08-01112346234610.3390/ani11082346Analgesic Effect of Butorphanol during Castration in Donkeys under Total Intravenous AnaesthesiaPaola Straticò0Augusto Carluccio1Vincenzo Varasano2Giulia Guerri3Riccardo Suriano4Domenico Robbe5Ilaria Cerasoli6Lucio Petrizzi7Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D’Accio, 64100 Teramo, ItalyFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D’Accio, 64100 Teramo, ItalyFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D’Accio, 64100 Teramo, ItalyFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D’Accio, 64100 Teramo, ItalyFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D’Accio, 64100 Teramo, ItalyFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D’Accio, 64100 Teramo, ItalyClinica Veterinaria Borghesiana, Via di Vermicino 96, 00133 Roma, ItalyFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D’Accio, 64100 Teramo, ItalyPain management is necessary for all surgical procedures. Little scientific evidence about drug efficacy in donkeys is available. The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic effect of butorphanol in donkeys undergoing orchiectomy under total intravenous anaesthesia with guaifenesin-ketamine-detomidine. A randomized blinded prospective clinical trial (Protocol n. 2021/0000338), was carried out on 18 clinically healthy donkeys undergoing bilateral orchiectomy. Patients were assigned to Group D (<i>n</i> = 8) or Group DB (<i>n</i> = 10) if receiving intravenous detomidine or detomidine-butorphanol respectively, before induction of general anaesthesia with ketamine-diazepam. Intraoperative muscle relaxation, nystagmus, palpebral reflex, heart and respiratory rate, and non-invasive blood pressure were evaluated every 2 min; time to prepare the patient, duration of surgery and anaesthesia and recovery score were recorded. Group D had significantly longer surgical time, higher heart rate, higher systolic and mean blood pressure (<i>p</i> < 0.05; repeated measure ANOVA), increased muscle rigidity and expression of palpebral reflex (<i>p</i> < 0.05; Mann–Whitney U test) than group DB. Top-ups with thiopental were statistically higher in Group D. Butorphanol and detomidine together produced a more stable anaesthetic plan. The low dosage of opioid and alpha-2-agonists and reduced rescue anaesthesia are responsible for a safer and more superficial anaesthesia, which is mandatory under field conditions.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/8/2346anaesthesiaanalgesiabutorphanolcastrationdetomidinedonkey |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Paola Straticò Augusto Carluccio Vincenzo Varasano Giulia Guerri Riccardo Suriano Domenico Robbe Ilaria Cerasoli Lucio Petrizzi |
spellingShingle |
Paola Straticò Augusto Carluccio Vincenzo Varasano Giulia Guerri Riccardo Suriano Domenico Robbe Ilaria Cerasoli Lucio Petrizzi Analgesic Effect of Butorphanol during Castration in Donkeys under Total Intravenous Anaesthesia Animals anaesthesia analgesia butorphanol castration detomidine donkey |
author_facet |
Paola Straticò Augusto Carluccio Vincenzo Varasano Giulia Guerri Riccardo Suriano Domenico Robbe Ilaria Cerasoli Lucio Petrizzi |
author_sort |
Paola Straticò |
title |
Analgesic Effect of Butorphanol during Castration in Donkeys under Total Intravenous Anaesthesia |
title_short |
Analgesic Effect of Butorphanol during Castration in Donkeys under Total Intravenous Anaesthesia |
title_full |
Analgesic Effect of Butorphanol during Castration in Donkeys under Total Intravenous Anaesthesia |
title_fullStr |
Analgesic Effect of Butorphanol during Castration in Donkeys under Total Intravenous Anaesthesia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Analgesic Effect of Butorphanol during Castration in Donkeys under Total Intravenous Anaesthesia |
title_sort |
analgesic effect of butorphanol during castration in donkeys under total intravenous anaesthesia |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Animals |
issn |
2076-2615 |
publishDate |
2021-08-01 |
description |
Pain management is necessary for all surgical procedures. Little scientific evidence about drug efficacy in donkeys is available. The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic effect of butorphanol in donkeys undergoing orchiectomy under total intravenous anaesthesia with guaifenesin-ketamine-detomidine. A randomized blinded prospective clinical trial (Protocol n. 2021/0000338), was carried out on 18 clinically healthy donkeys undergoing bilateral orchiectomy. Patients were assigned to Group D (<i>n</i> = 8) or Group DB (<i>n</i> = 10) if receiving intravenous detomidine or detomidine-butorphanol respectively, before induction of general anaesthesia with ketamine-diazepam. Intraoperative muscle relaxation, nystagmus, palpebral reflex, heart and respiratory rate, and non-invasive blood pressure were evaluated every 2 min; time to prepare the patient, duration of surgery and anaesthesia and recovery score were recorded. Group D had significantly longer surgical time, higher heart rate, higher systolic and mean blood pressure (<i>p</i> < 0.05; repeated measure ANOVA), increased muscle rigidity and expression of palpebral reflex (<i>p</i> < 0.05; Mann–Whitney U test) than group DB. Top-ups with thiopental were statistically higher in Group D. Butorphanol and detomidine together produced a more stable anaesthetic plan. The low dosage of opioid and alpha-2-agonists and reduced rescue anaesthesia are responsible for a safer and more superficial anaesthesia, which is mandatory under field conditions. |
topic |
anaesthesia analgesia butorphanol castration detomidine donkey |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/8/2346 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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