Austenitic Stainless-Steel Reinforcement for Seawater Sea Sand Concrete: Investigation of Stress Corrosion Cracking
Seawater and sea sand concrete (SWSSC) is a highly attractive alternative to normal concrete (NC) that requires huge amounts of fresh water and river sand. However, reinforcements of stainless steel (instead of mild steel that is used in NC) may be required for SWSSC. This article reports investigat...
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doaj-229537c18e31462b8c25ca0f2605fbe72021-03-18T00:07:10ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012021-03-011150050010.3390/met11030500Austenitic Stainless-Steel Reinforcement for Seawater Sea Sand Concrete: Investigation of Stress Corrosion CrackingXiang Yu0Saad Al-Saadi1Isha Kohli2Xiao-Ling Zhao3R. K. Singh Raman4Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, AustraliaDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, AustraliaDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, AustraliaSchool of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, AustraliaDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, AustraliaSeawater and sea sand concrete (SWSSC) is a highly attractive alternative to normal concrete (NC) that requires huge amounts of fresh water and river sand. However, reinforcements of stainless steel (instead of mild steel that is used in NC) may be required for SWSSC. This article reports investigation of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of AISI 316 stainless steel (SS) in simulated SWSSC and NC environments, with and without addition of silica to SWSSC and NC, employing slow strain rate testing (SSRT) at 25 and 60 °C. For the purpose of comparison, SCC of SS was also investigated in simulated seawater (SW) solution. SS showed no SCC at 25 °C in any of the test solutions. Indications of SCC were seen in SW at 60 °C, but no features of SCC in SWSSC and NC at 60 °C, as suggested by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) fractographs. While the absence of SCC in SWSSC and NC is attributed to the highly passivating alkaline condition, its absence in SWSSC also indicates the role of alkalinity to predominate the deleterious role of chloride content of SWSSC. However, the addition of silicate to SWSSC or NC triggers transgranular SCC to SS at 60 °C, as evidenced by the fractography.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/3/500seawater sea sand concretenormal concretestress corrosion crackingAISI 316 stainless steelslow strain rate testing (SSRT) |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Xiang Yu Saad Al-Saadi Isha Kohli Xiao-Ling Zhao R. K. Singh Raman |
spellingShingle |
Xiang Yu Saad Al-Saadi Isha Kohli Xiao-Ling Zhao R. K. Singh Raman Austenitic Stainless-Steel Reinforcement for Seawater Sea Sand Concrete: Investigation of Stress Corrosion Cracking Metals seawater sea sand concrete normal concrete stress corrosion cracking AISI 316 stainless steel slow strain rate testing (SSRT) |
author_facet |
Xiang Yu Saad Al-Saadi Isha Kohli Xiao-Ling Zhao R. K. Singh Raman |
author_sort |
Xiang Yu |
title |
Austenitic Stainless-Steel Reinforcement for Seawater Sea Sand Concrete: Investigation of Stress Corrosion Cracking |
title_short |
Austenitic Stainless-Steel Reinforcement for Seawater Sea Sand Concrete: Investigation of Stress Corrosion Cracking |
title_full |
Austenitic Stainless-Steel Reinforcement for Seawater Sea Sand Concrete: Investigation of Stress Corrosion Cracking |
title_fullStr |
Austenitic Stainless-Steel Reinforcement for Seawater Sea Sand Concrete: Investigation of Stress Corrosion Cracking |
title_full_unstemmed |
Austenitic Stainless-Steel Reinforcement for Seawater Sea Sand Concrete: Investigation of Stress Corrosion Cracking |
title_sort |
austenitic stainless-steel reinforcement for seawater sea sand concrete: investigation of stress corrosion cracking |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Metals |
issn |
2075-4701 |
publishDate |
2021-03-01 |
description |
Seawater and sea sand concrete (SWSSC) is a highly attractive alternative to normal concrete (NC) that requires huge amounts of fresh water and river sand. However, reinforcements of stainless steel (instead of mild steel that is used in NC) may be required for SWSSC. This article reports investigation of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of AISI 316 stainless steel (SS) in simulated SWSSC and NC environments, with and without addition of silica to SWSSC and NC, employing slow strain rate testing (SSRT) at 25 and 60 °C. For the purpose of comparison, SCC of SS was also investigated in simulated seawater (SW) solution. SS showed no SCC at 25 °C in any of the test solutions. Indications of SCC were seen in SW at 60 °C, but no features of SCC in SWSSC and NC at 60 °C, as suggested by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) fractographs. While the absence of SCC in SWSSC and NC is attributed to the highly passivating alkaline condition, its absence in SWSSC also indicates the role of alkalinity to predominate the deleterious role of chloride content of SWSSC. However, the addition of silicate to SWSSC or NC triggers transgranular SCC to SS at 60 °C, as evidenced by the fractography. |
topic |
seawater sea sand concrete normal concrete stress corrosion cracking AISI 316 stainless steel slow strain rate testing (SSRT) |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/3/500 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT xiangyu austeniticstainlesssteelreinforcementforseawaterseasandconcreteinvestigationofstresscorrosioncracking AT saadalsaadi austeniticstainlesssteelreinforcementforseawaterseasandconcreteinvestigationofstresscorrosioncracking AT ishakohli austeniticstainlesssteelreinforcementforseawaterseasandconcreteinvestigationofstresscorrosioncracking AT xiaolingzhao austeniticstainlesssteelreinforcementforseawaterseasandconcreteinvestigationofstresscorrosioncracking AT rksinghraman austeniticstainlesssteelreinforcementforseawaterseasandconcreteinvestigationofstresscorrosioncracking |
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