Influence of Hydrodynamics and Hematocrit on Ultrasound-Induced Blood Plasmapheresis
Acoustophoretic blood plasma separation is based on cell enrichment processes driven by acoustic radiation forces. The combined influence of hematocrit and hydrodynamics has not yet been quantified in the literature for these processes acoustically induced on blood. In this paper, we present an expe...
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doaj-22b71eff4b494db08755fbdd7cc4d4362020-11-25T02:58:15ZengMDPI AGMicromachines2072-666X2020-07-011175175110.3390/mi11080751Influence of Hydrodynamics and Hematocrit on Ultrasound-Induced Blood PlasmapheresisItziar González0Roque Rubén Andrés1Alberto Pinto2Pilar Carreras3Group of Ultrasonic Resonators RESULT, ITEFI, National Research Council of Spain CSIC 1, 28006 Madrid, SpainGroup of Ultrasonic Resonators RESULT, ITEFI, National Research Council of Spain CSIC 1, 28006 Madrid, SpainGroup of Ultrasonic Resonators RESULT, ITEFI, National Research Council of Spain CSIC 1, 28006 Madrid, SpainGroup of Ultrasonic Resonators RESULT, ITEFI, National Research Council of Spain CSIC 1, 28006 Madrid, SpainAcoustophoretic blood plasma separation is based on cell enrichment processes driven by acoustic radiation forces. The combined influence of hematocrit and hydrodynamics has not yet been quantified in the literature for these processes acoustically induced on blood. In this paper, we present an experimental study of blood samples exposed to ultrasonic standing waves at different hematocrit percentages and hydrodynamic conditions, in order to enlighten their individual influence on the acoustic response of the samples. The experiments were performed in a glass capillary (700 µm-square cross section) actuated by a piezoelectric ceramic at a frequency of 1.153 MHz, hosting 2D orthogonal half-wavelength resonances transverse to the channel length, with a single-pressure-node along its central axis. Different hematocrit percentages <i>Hct</i> = 2.25%, 4.50%, 9.00%, and 22.50%, were tested at eight flow rate conditions of Q = 0:80 µL/min. Cells were collected along the central axis driven by the acoustic radiation force, releasing plasma progressively free of cells. The study shows an optimal performance in a flow rate interval between 20 and 80 µL/min for low hematocrit percentages <i>Hct</i> ≤ 9.0%, which required very short times close to 10 s to achieve cell-free plasma in percentages over 90%. This study opens new lines for low-cost personalized blood diagnosis.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/11/8/751ultrasoundsmicrofluidicsblood plasmapheresishematocrithydrodynamicscell enrichment |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Itziar González Roque Rubén Andrés Alberto Pinto Pilar Carreras |
spellingShingle |
Itziar González Roque Rubén Andrés Alberto Pinto Pilar Carreras Influence of Hydrodynamics and Hematocrit on Ultrasound-Induced Blood Plasmapheresis Micromachines ultrasounds microfluidics blood plasmapheresis hematocrit hydrodynamics cell enrichment |
author_facet |
Itziar González Roque Rubén Andrés Alberto Pinto Pilar Carreras |
author_sort |
Itziar González |
title |
Influence of Hydrodynamics and Hematocrit on Ultrasound-Induced Blood Plasmapheresis |
title_short |
Influence of Hydrodynamics and Hematocrit on Ultrasound-Induced Blood Plasmapheresis |
title_full |
Influence of Hydrodynamics and Hematocrit on Ultrasound-Induced Blood Plasmapheresis |
title_fullStr |
Influence of Hydrodynamics and Hematocrit on Ultrasound-Induced Blood Plasmapheresis |
title_full_unstemmed |
Influence of Hydrodynamics and Hematocrit on Ultrasound-Induced Blood Plasmapheresis |
title_sort |
influence of hydrodynamics and hematocrit on ultrasound-induced blood plasmapheresis |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Micromachines |
issn |
2072-666X |
publishDate |
2020-07-01 |
description |
Acoustophoretic blood plasma separation is based on cell enrichment processes driven by acoustic radiation forces. The combined influence of hematocrit and hydrodynamics has not yet been quantified in the literature for these processes acoustically induced on blood. In this paper, we present an experimental study of blood samples exposed to ultrasonic standing waves at different hematocrit percentages and hydrodynamic conditions, in order to enlighten their individual influence on the acoustic response of the samples. The experiments were performed in a glass capillary (700 µm-square cross section) actuated by a piezoelectric ceramic at a frequency of 1.153 MHz, hosting 2D orthogonal half-wavelength resonances transverse to the channel length, with a single-pressure-node along its central axis. Different hematocrit percentages <i>Hct</i> = 2.25%, 4.50%, 9.00%, and 22.50%, were tested at eight flow rate conditions of Q = 0:80 µL/min. Cells were collected along the central axis driven by the acoustic radiation force, releasing plasma progressively free of cells. The study shows an optimal performance in a flow rate interval between 20 and 80 µL/min for low hematocrit percentages <i>Hct</i> ≤ 9.0%, which required very short times close to 10 s to achieve cell-free plasma in percentages over 90%. This study opens new lines for low-cost personalized blood diagnosis. |
topic |
ultrasounds microfluidics blood plasmapheresis hematocrit hydrodynamics cell enrichment |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/11/8/751 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT itziargonzalez influenceofhydrodynamicsandhematocritonultrasoundinducedbloodplasmapheresis AT roquerubenandres influenceofhydrodynamicsandhematocritonultrasoundinducedbloodplasmapheresis AT albertopinto influenceofhydrodynamicsandhematocritonultrasoundinducedbloodplasmapheresis AT pilarcarreras influenceofhydrodynamicsandhematocritonultrasoundinducedbloodplasmapheresis |
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