Mitochondrial Genome (mtDNA) Mutations that Generate Reactive Oxygen Species
Mitochondria are critical for the energetic demands of virtually every cellular process within nucleated eukaryotic cells. They harbour multiple copies of their own genome (mtDNA), as well as the protein-synthesing systems required for the translation of vital subunits of the oxidative phosphorylati...
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doaj-230b61fe739c40a380e3279a090f2d402020-11-24T20:53:37ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212019-09-018939210.3390/antiox8090392antiox8090392Mitochondrial Genome (mtDNA) Mutations that Generate Reactive Oxygen SpeciesAnne Hahn0Steven Zuryn1Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, 4072 Brisbane, AustraliaClem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, 4072 Brisbane, AustraliaMitochondria are critical for the energetic demands of virtually every cellular process within nucleated eukaryotic cells. They harbour multiple copies of their own genome (mtDNA), as well as the protein-synthesing systems required for the translation of vital subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation machinery used to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Molecular lesions to the mtDNA cause severe metabolic diseases and have been proposed to contribute to the progressive nature of common age-related diseases such as cancer, cardiomyopathy, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. As a consequence of playing a central role in cellular energy metabolism, mitochondria produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a by-product of respiration. Here we review the evidence that mutations in the mtDNA exacerbate ROS production, contributing to disease.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/8/9/392mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)oxidative stressreactive oxygen speciesmitochondrial diseaseagingcancerneurodegeneration |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Anne Hahn Steven Zuryn |
spellingShingle |
Anne Hahn Steven Zuryn Mitochondrial Genome (mtDNA) Mutations that Generate Reactive Oxygen Species Antioxidants mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) oxidative stress reactive oxygen species mitochondrial disease aging cancer neurodegeneration |
author_facet |
Anne Hahn Steven Zuryn |
author_sort |
Anne Hahn |
title |
Mitochondrial Genome (mtDNA) Mutations that Generate Reactive Oxygen Species |
title_short |
Mitochondrial Genome (mtDNA) Mutations that Generate Reactive Oxygen Species |
title_full |
Mitochondrial Genome (mtDNA) Mutations that Generate Reactive Oxygen Species |
title_fullStr |
Mitochondrial Genome (mtDNA) Mutations that Generate Reactive Oxygen Species |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mitochondrial Genome (mtDNA) Mutations that Generate Reactive Oxygen Species |
title_sort |
mitochondrial genome (mtdna) mutations that generate reactive oxygen species |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Antioxidants |
issn |
2076-3921 |
publishDate |
2019-09-01 |
description |
Mitochondria are critical for the energetic demands of virtually every cellular process within nucleated eukaryotic cells. They harbour multiple copies of their own genome (mtDNA), as well as the protein-synthesing systems required for the translation of vital subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation machinery used to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Molecular lesions to the mtDNA cause severe metabolic diseases and have been proposed to contribute to the progressive nature of common age-related diseases such as cancer, cardiomyopathy, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. As a consequence of playing a central role in cellular energy metabolism, mitochondria produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a by-product of respiration. Here we review the evidence that mutations in the mtDNA exacerbate ROS production, contributing to disease. |
topic |
mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) oxidative stress reactive oxygen species mitochondrial disease aging cancer neurodegeneration |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/8/9/392 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT annehahn mitochondrialgenomemtdnamutationsthatgeneratereactiveoxygenspecies AT stevenzuryn mitochondrialgenomemtdnamutationsthatgeneratereactiveoxygenspecies |
_version_ |
1716796838092210176 |