The potential of using xylarium wood samples for wood density calculations: a comparison of approaches for volume measurement
Wood specific gravity (WSG) is an important biometric variable for aboveground biomass calculations in tropical forests. Sampling a sufficient number of trees in remote tropical forests to represent the species and size distribution of a forest to generate information on WSG can be logistically chal...
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Italian Society of Silviculture and Forest Ecology (SISEF)
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doaj-237d81ceb6604d56801bc40851b79f112020-11-24T21:25:53ZengItalian Society of Silviculture and Forest Ecology (SISEF)iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry1971-74581971-74582011-08-014115015910.3832/ifor0575-004575The potential of using xylarium wood samples for wood density calculations: a comparison of approaches for volume measurementManiatis D0Saint André L1Temmerman M2Malhi Y3Beeckman H4Environmental Change Institute, School of Geography and the Environment, Dyson Perrins Building, South Parks Road, OX1 3QY Oxford (UK)CIRAD, UMR Eco & Sols, Ecologie Fonctionnelle, Biogéochimie des Sols & Agroécosystèmes, place Viala, F-34060 Montpellier (France)Walloon Agricultural Research Centre (CRA-W), chaussée de Namur 146, B-5030 Gembloux (Belgium)Environmental Change Institute, School of Geography and the Environment, Dyson Perrins Building, South Parks Road, OX1 3QY Oxford (UK)Laboratory for Wood Biology and Xylarium, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Leuvense Steenweg 13, B-3080 Tervuren (Belgium)Wood specific gravity (WSG) is an important biometric variable for aboveground biomass calculations in tropical forests. Sampling a sufficient number of trees in remote tropical forests to represent the species and size distribution of a forest to generate information on WSG can be logistically challenging. Several thousands of wood samples exist in xylaria around the world that are easily accessible to researchers. We propose the use of wood samples held in xylaria as a valid and overlooked option. Due to the nature of xylarium samples, determining wood volume to calculate WSG presents several challenges. A description and assessment is provided of five different methods to measure wood sample volume: two solid displacement methods and three liquid displacement methods (hydrostatic methods). Two methods were specifically developed for this paper: the use of laboratory parafilm to wrap the wood samples for the hydrostatic method and two glass microbeads devices for the solid displacement method. We find that the hydrostatic method with samples not wrapped in laboratory parafilm is the most accurate and preferred method. The two methods developed for this study give close agreement with the preferred method (r 2 > 0.95). We show that volume can be estimated accurately for xylarium samples with the proposed methods. Additionally, the WSG for 53 species was measured using the preferred method. Significant differences exist between the WSG means of the measured species and the WSG means in an existing density database. Finally, for 4 genera in our dataset, the genus-level WSG average is representative of the species-level WSG average.https://iforest.sisef.org/contents/?id=ifor0575-004Wood specific gravityAboveground biomassDry xylarium samplesTropical forestsCongo basin forest |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Maniatis D Saint André L Temmerman M Malhi Y Beeckman H |
spellingShingle |
Maniatis D Saint André L Temmerman M Malhi Y Beeckman H The potential of using xylarium wood samples for wood density calculations: a comparison of approaches for volume measurement iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry Wood specific gravity Aboveground biomass Dry xylarium samples Tropical forests Congo basin forest |
author_facet |
Maniatis D Saint André L Temmerman M Malhi Y Beeckman H |
author_sort |
Maniatis D |
title |
The potential of using xylarium wood samples for wood density calculations: a comparison of approaches for volume measurement |
title_short |
The potential of using xylarium wood samples for wood density calculations: a comparison of approaches for volume measurement |
title_full |
The potential of using xylarium wood samples for wood density calculations: a comparison of approaches for volume measurement |
title_fullStr |
The potential of using xylarium wood samples for wood density calculations: a comparison of approaches for volume measurement |
title_full_unstemmed |
The potential of using xylarium wood samples for wood density calculations: a comparison of approaches for volume measurement |
title_sort |
potential of using xylarium wood samples for wood density calculations: a comparison of approaches for volume measurement |
publisher |
Italian Society of Silviculture and Forest Ecology (SISEF) |
series |
iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry |
issn |
1971-7458 1971-7458 |
publishDate |
2011-08-01 |
description |
Wood specific gravity (WSG) is an important biometric variable for aboveground biomass calculations in tropical forests. Sampling a sufficient number of trees in remote tropical forests to represent the species and size distribution of a forest to generate information on WSG can be logistically challenging. Several thousands of wood samples exist in xylaria around the world that are easily accessible to researchers. We propose the use of wood samples held in xylaria as a valid and overlooked option. Due to the nature of xylarium samples, determining wood volume to calculate WSG presents several challenges. A description and assessment is provided of five different methods to measure wood sample volume: two solid displacement methods and three liquid displacement methods (hydrostatic methods). Two methods were specifically developed for this paper: the use of laboratory parafilm to wrap the wood samples for the hydrostatic method and two glass microbeads devices for the solid displacement method. We find that the hydrostatic method with samples not wrapped in laboratory parafilm is the most accurate and preferred method. The two methods developed for this study give close agreement with the preferred method (r 2 > 0.95). We show that volume can be estimated accurately for xylarium samples with the proposed methods. Additionally, the WSG for 53 species was measured using the preferred method. Significant differences exist between the WSG means of the measured species and the WSG means in an existing density database. Finally, for 4 genera in our dataset, the genus-level WSG average is representative of the species-level WSG average. |
topic |
Wood specific gravity Aboveground biomass Dry xylarium samples Tropical forests Congo basin forest |
url |
https://iforest.sisef.org/contents/?id=ifor0575-004 |
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