A Protocol for Pollution Index, Source Identification, and Spatial Analysis of Heavy Metals in Top Soil
Introduction: This study aimed to assess a good protocol for the contamination indexes, concentration, spatial analysis, and source identification of toxic metals in top soils. Materials and Methods: In the first step, samples were taken from top soil (30 cm) and the metals were extracted and detect...
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Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences
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doaj-23c1abce342d43f995bb95f93def2b5f2020-12-27T06:27:11ZengShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesJournal of Environmental Health and Sustainable Development2476-62672476-74332020-12-015411551161A Protocol for Pollution Index, Source Identification, and Spatial Analysis of Heavy Metals in Top SoilAmir Mohammadi0Sepideh Nemati Mansour1Maryam Faraji2Ali Abdolahnejad3Ali Toolabi4Moahammad Miri5 Department of Public Health, Environmental Health Engineering, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Department of Public Health, Environmental Health Engineering, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran. Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran. Introduction: This study aimed to assess a good protocol for the contamination indexes, concentration, spatial analysis, and source identification of toxic metals in top soils. Materials and Methods: In the first step, samples were taken from top soil (30 cm) and the metals were extracted and detected with ICP-AES. In the second step, Enrichment Factor, Geoaccumulation Index, and Contamination Factor of metals were calculated to determine soil contamination degree. Furthermore, the principal component analysis and correlation between metals were conducted for source identification. Results: Spatial analysis, as an important section of the present protocol, was performed using Arc GIS, kriging, and Moranchr('39')s I models. As results of Moranchr('39')s I model showed, distribution pattern for Fe, As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn were random (z-scores ranged from -1.17 to 1.09), indicatingthat these elements could be emitted from different potential sources. In Moranchr('39')s model, spatial autocorrelation of each pollutant could be measured based on its value and location. Conclusion: The finding of this protocol can be used for extraction of contamination indexes, concentration, spatial analysis, and source identification of toxic metals in top soils.http://jehsd.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-285-en.htmlenvironmental pollutionmetalsheavyspatial analysismoran's model. |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Amir Mohammadi Sepideh Nemati Mansour Maryam Faraji Ali Abdolahnejad Ali Toolabi Moahammad Miri |
spellingShingle |
Amir Mohammadi Sepideh Nemati Mansour Maryam Faraji Ali Abdolahnejad Ali Toolabi Moahammad Miri A Protocol for Pollution Index, Source Identification, and Spatial Analysis of Heavy Metals in Top Soil Journal of Environmental Health and Sustainable Development environmental pollution metals heavy spatial analysis moran's model. |
author_facet |
Amir Mohammadi Sepideh Nemati Mansour Maryam Faraji Ali Abdolahnejad Ali Toolabi Moahammad Miri |
author_sort |
Amir Mohammadi |
title |
A Protocol for Pollution Index, Source Identification, and Spatial Analysis of Heavy Metals in Top Soil |
title_short |
A Protocol for Pollution Index, Source Identification, and Spatial Analysis of Heavy Metals in Top Soil |
title_full |
A Protocol for Pollution Index, Source Identification, and Spatial Analysis of Heavy Metals in Top Soil |
title_fullStr |
A Protocol for Pollution Index, Source Identification, and Spatial Analysis of Heavy Metals in Top Soil |
title_full_unstemmed |
A Protocol for Pollution Index, Source Identification, and Spatial Analysis of Heavy Metals in Top Soil |
title_sort |
protocol for pollution index, source identification, and spatial analysis of heavy metals in top soil |
publisher |
Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences |
series |
Journal of Environmental Health and Sustainable Development |
issn |
2476-6267 2476-7433 |
publishDate |
2020-12-01 |
description |
Introduction: This study aimed to assess a good protocol for the contamination indexes, concentration, spatial analysis, and source identification of toxic metals in top soils.
Materials and Methods: In the first step, samples were taken from top soil (30 cm) and the metals were extracted and detected with ICP-AES. In the second step, Enrichment Factor, Geoaccumulation Index, and Contamination Factor of metals were calculated to determine soil contamination degree. Furthermore, the principal component analysis and correlation between metals were conducted for source identification.
Results: Spatial analysis, as an important section of the present protocol, was performed using Arc GIS, kriging, and Moranchr('39')s I models. As results of Moranchr('39')s I model showed, distribution pattern for Fe, As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn were random (z-scores ranged from -1.17 to 1.09), indicatingthat these elements could be emitted from different potential sources. In Moranchr('39')s model, spatial autocorrelation of each pollutant could be measured based on its value and location.
Conclusion: The finding of this protocol can be used for extraction of contamination indexes, concentration, spatial analysis, and source identification of toxic metals in top soils. |
topic |
environmental pollution metals heavy spatial analysis moran's model. |
url |
http://jehsd.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-285-en.html |
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