Traffic air pollution and mortality from cardiovascular disease and all causes: a Danish cohort study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Traffic air pollution has been linked to cardiovascular mortality, which might be due to co-exposure to road traffic noise. Further, personal and lifestyle characteristics might modify any association.</p> <p>Methods</...

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Main Authors: Raaschou-Nielsen Ole, Andersen Zorana, Jensen Steen, Ketzel Matthias, Sørensen Mette, Hansen Johnni, Loft Steffen, Tjønneland Anne, Overvad Kim
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2012-09-01
Series:Environmental Health
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.ehjournal.net/content/11/1/60
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spelling doaj-23c8c98167d242e6a74b3a13bfcb10a82020-11-25T00:38:53ZengBMCEnvironmental Health1476-069X2012-09-011116010.1186/1476-069X-11-60Traffic air pollution and mortality from cardiovascular disease and all causes: a Danish cohort studyRaaschou-Nielsen OleAndersen ZoranaJensen SteenKetzel MatthiasSørensen MetteHansen JohnniLoft SteffenTjønneland AnneOvervad Kim<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Traffic air pollution has been linked to cardiovascular mortality, which might be due to co-exposure to road traffic noise. Further, personal and lifestyle characteristics might modify any association.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We followed up 52 061 participants in a Danish cohort for mortality in the nationwide Register of Causes of Death, from enrollment in 1993–1997 through 2009, and traced their residential addresses from 1971 onwards in the Central Population Registry. We used dispersion-modelled concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>) since 1971 as indicator of traffic air pollution and used Cox regression models to estimate mortality rate ratios (MRRs) with adjustment for potential confounders.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Mean levels of NO<sub>2</sub> at the residence since 1971 were significantly associated with mortality from cardiovascular disease (MRR, 1.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06–1.51, per doubling of NO<sub>2</sub> concentration) and all causes (MRR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.04–1.23, per doubling of NO<sub>2</sub> concentration) after adjustment for potential confounders. For participants who ate < 200 g of fruit and vegetables per day, the MRR was 1.45 (95% CI, 1.13–1.87) for mortality from cardiovascular disease and 1.25 (95% CI, 1.11–1.42) for mortality from all causes.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Traffic air pollution is associated with mortality from cardiovascular diseases and all causes, after adjustment for traffic noise. The association was strongest for people with a low fruit and vegetable intake.</p> http://www.ehjournal.net/content/11/1/60TrafficAir pollutionCardiovascular mortalityTotal mortalityCohort
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Raaschou-Nielsen Ole
Andersen Zorana
Jensen Steen
Ketzel Matthias
Sørensen Mette
Hansen Johnni
Loft Steffen
Tjønneland Anne
Overvad Kim
spellingShingle Raaschou-Nielsen Ole
Andersen Zorana
Jensen Steen
Ketzel Matthias
Sørensen Mette
Hansen Johnni
Loft Steffen
Tjønneland Anne
Overvad Kim
Traffic air pollution and mortality from cardiovascular disease and all causes: a Danish cohort study
Environmental Health
Traffic
Air pollution
Cardiovascular mortality
Total mortality
Cohort
author_facet Raaschou-Nielsen Ole
Andersen Zorana
Jensen Steen
Ketzel Matthias
Sørensen Mette
Hansen Johnni
Loft Steffen
Tjønneland Anne
Overvad Kim
author_sort Raaschou-Nielsen Ole
title Traffic air pollution and mortality from cardiovascular disease and all causes: a Danish cohort study
title_short Traffic air pollution and mortality from cardiovascular disease and all causes: a Danish cohort study
title_full Traffic air pollution and mortality from cardiovascular disease and all causes: a Danish cohort study
title_fullStr Traffic air pollution and mortality from cardiovascular disease and all causes: a Danish cohort study
title_full_unstemmed Traffic air pollution and mortality from cardiovascular disease and all causes: a Danish cohort study
title_sort traffic air pollution and mortality from cardiovascular disease and all causes: a danish cohort study
publisher BMC
series Environmental Health
issn 1476-069X
publishDate 2012-09-01
description <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Traffic air pollution has been linked to cardiovascular mortality, which might be due to co-exposure to road traffic noise. Further, personal and lifestyle characteristics might modify any association.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We followed up 52 061 participants in a Danish cohort for mortality in the nationwide Register of Causes of Death, from enrollment in 1993–1997 through 2009, and traced their residential addresses from 1971 onwards in the Central Population Registry. We used dispersion-modelled concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>) since 1971 as indicator of traffic air pollution and used Cox regression models to estimate mortality rate ratios (MRRs) with adjustment for potential confounders.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Mean levels of NO<sub>2</sub> at the residence since 1971 were significantly associated with mortality from cardiovascular disease (MRR, 1.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06–1.51, per doubling of NO<sub>2</sub> concentration) and all causes (MRR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.04–1.23, per doubling of NO<sub>2</sub> concentration) after adjustment for potential confounders. For participants who ate < 200 g of fruit and vegetables per day, the MRR was 1.45 (95% CI, 1.13–1.87) for mortality from cardiovascular disease and 1.25 (95% CI, 1.11–1.42) for mortality from all causes.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Traffic air pollution is associated with mortality from cardiovascular diseases and all causes, after adjustment for traffic noise. The association was strongest for people with a low fruit and vegetable intake.</p>
topic Traffic
Air pollution
Cardiovascular mortality
Total mortality
Cohort
url http://www.ehjournal.net/content/11/1/60
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