Advances in Human Immune System Mouse Models for Studying Human Hematopoiesis and Cancer Immunotherapy
Immunotherapy has established itself as a promising tool for cancer treatment. There are many challenges that remain including lack of targets and some patients across various cancers who have not shown robust clinical response. One of the major problems that have hindered the progress in the field...
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doaj-241161d320054df898649ae528666b3d2021-02-02T04:42:58ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242021-02-011110.3389/fimmu.2020.619236619236Advances in Human Immune System Mouse Models for Studying Human Hematopoiesis and Cancer ImmunotherapySyed A. Mian0Syed A. Mian1Fernando Anjos-Afonso2Dominique Bonnet3Haematopoietic Stem Cell Lab, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United KingdomDepartment of Haematology, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London, United KingdomHaematopoietic Signalling Group, European Cancer Stem Cell Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United KingdomHaematopoietic Stem Cell Lab, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United KingdomImmunotherapy has established itself as a promising tool for cancer treatment. There are many challenges that remain including lack of targets and some patients across various cancers who have not shown robust clinical response. One of the major problems that have hindered the progress in the field is the dearth of appropriate mouse models that can reliably recapitulate the complexity of human immune-microenvironment as well as the malignancy itself. Immunodeficient mice reconstituted with human immune cells offer a unique opportunity to comprehensively evaluate immunotherapeutic strategies. These immunosuppressed and genetically modified mice, with some overexpressing human growth factors, have improved human hematopoietic engraftment as well as created more functional immune cell development in primary and secondary lymphoid tissues in these mice. In addition, several new approaches to modify or to add human niche elements to further humanize these immunodeficient mice have allowed a more precise characterization of human hematopoiesis. These important refinements have opened the possibility to evaluate not only human immune responses to different tumor cells but also to investigate how malignant cells interact with their niche and most importantly to test immunotherapies in a more preclinically relevant setting, which can ultimately lead to better success of these drugs in clinical trials.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2020.619236/fullimmunodeficient mice modelsimmunotherapyhuman hematopoiesisxenotransplantation modelsimmune reconstitution |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Syed A. Mian Syed A. Mian Fernando Anjos-Afonso Dominique Bonnet |
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Syed A. Mian Syed A. Mian Fernando Anjos-Afonso Dominique Bonnet Advances in Human Immune System Mouse Models for Studying Human Hematopoiesis and Cancer Immunotherapy Frontiers in Immunology immunodeficient mice models immunotherapy human hematopoiesis xenotransplantation models immune reconstitution |
author_facet |
Syed A. Mian Syed A. Mian Fernando Anjos-Afonso Dominique Bonnet |
author_sort |
Syed A. Mian |
title |
Advances in Human Immune System Mouse Models for Studying Human Hematopoiesis and Cancer Immunotherapy |
title_short |
Advances in Human Immune System Mouse Models for Studying Human Hematopoiesis and Cancer Immunotherapy |
title_full |
Advances in Human Immune System Mouse Models for Studying Human Hematopoiesis and Cancer Immunotherapy |
title_fullStr |
Advances in Human Immune System Mouse Models for Studying Human Hematopoiesis and Cancer Immunotherapy |
title_full_unstemmed |
Advances in Human Immune System Mouse Models for Studying Human Hematopoiesis and Cancer Immunotherapy |
title_sort |
advances in human immune system mouse models for studying human hematopoiesis and cancer immunotherapy |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Immunology |
issn |
1664-3224 |
publishDate |
2021-02-01 |
description |
Immunotherapy has established itself as a promising tool for cancer treatment. There are many challenges that remain including lack of targets and some patients across various cancers who have not shown robust clinical response. One of the major problems that have hindered the progress in the field is the dearth of appropriate mouse models that can reliably recapitulate the complexity of human immune-microenvironment as well as the malignancy itself. Immunodeficient mice reconstituted with human immune cells offer a unique opportunity to comprehensively evaluate immunotherapeutic strategies. These immunosuppressed and genetically modified mice, with some overexpressing human growth factors, have improved human hematopoietic engraftment as well as created more functional immune cell development in primary and secondary lymphoid tissues in these mice. In addition, several new approaches to modify or to add human niche elements to further humanize these immunodeficient mice have allowed a more precise characterization of human hematopoiesis. These important refinements have opened the possibility to evaluate not only human immune responses to different tumor cells but also to investigate how malignant cells interact with their niche and most importantly to test immunotherapies in a more preclinically relevant setting, which can ultimately lead to better success of these drugs in clinical trials. |
topic |
immunodeficient mice models immunotherapy human hematopoiesis xenotransplantation models immune reconstitution |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2020.619236/full |
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