Feasibility Study on the Etherification of Fermentative-Produced Isobutylene to Fully Renewable Ethyl <em>Tert</em>-Butyl Ether (ETBE)

Feasibility Study on the Etherification of Fermentative-Produced Isobutylene to Fully Renewable Ethyl <em>Tert</em>-Butyl Ether (ETBE)

This work evaluates the direct etherification of bio-sourced isobutylene with ethanol forming fully renewable ethyl <i>tert</i>-butyl ether (ETBE). Challenge was the use of the fermentative produced substrate in a solvent-free catalysis using the acidic ion exchanger Amberlyst-15. CO<...

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Main Authors: Maik Tretbar, Thomsen Witzel, Anika Hauffe, Ulrike Junghans, Aleš Bulc, Daniela Pufky-Heinrich
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2018-11-01
Series:Catalysts
Subjects:
ethyl <i>tert</i>-butyl ether (ETBE)
biofuel additive
bio-sourced isobutylene
etherification
Amberlyst-15
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/8/11/514
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spelling doaj-2473e28a0e474d34b7aea307b5d8b2e32020-11-24T20:49:10ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442018-11-0181151410.3390/catal8110514catal8110514Feasibility Study on the Etherification of Fermentative-Produced Isobutylene to Fully Renewable Ethyl <em>Tert</em>-Butyl Ether (ETBE)Maik Tretbar0Thomsen Witzel1Anika Hauffe2Ulrike Junghans3Aleš Bulc4Daniela Pufky-Heinrich5Fraunhofer Center for Chemical-Biotechnological Processes CBP, Am Hauptor Bau 1251, 06237 Leuna, GermanyFraunhofer Center for Chemical-Biotechnological Processes CBP, Am Hauptor Bau 1251, 06237 Leuna, GermanyFraunhofer Center for Chemical-Biotechnological Processes CBP, Am Hauptor Bau 1251, 06237 Leuna, GermanyFraunhofer Center for Chemical-Biotechnological Processes CBP, Am Hauptor Bau 1251, 06237 Leuna, GermanyGlobal Bioenergies GmbH, Am Hauptor Bau 4310, 06237 Leuna, GermanyFraunhofer Center for Chemical-Biotechnological Processes CBP, Am Hauptor Bau 1251, 06237 Leuna, GermanyThis work evaluates the direct etherification of bio-sourced isobutylene with ethanol forming fully renewable ethyl <i>tert</i>-butyl ether (ETBE). Challenge was the use of the fermentative produced substrate in a solvent-free catalysis using the acidic ion exchanger Amberlyst-15. CO<sub>2</sub> impurities have a significant influence on the liquid phase process. The conversion at a ratio that is based on molarities of isobutylene to ethanol of 1:0.9 results in yields up to 97 mol% ETBE. Purities up to 99 wt.% could be achieved by subsequent water extraction in order to ensure qualities for technical application as high performance fuel additive.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/8/11/514ethyl <i>tert</i>-butyl ether (ETBE)biofuel additivebio-sourced isobutyleneetherificationAmberlyst-15
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Maik Tretbar
Thomsen Witzel
Anika Hauffe
Ulrike Junghans
Aleš Bulc
Daniela Pufky-Heinrich
spellingShingle Maik Tretbar
Thomsen Witzel
Anika Hauffe
Ulrike Junghans
Aleš Bulc
Daniela Pufky-Heinrich
Feasibility Study on the Etherification of Fermentative-Produced Isobutylene to Fully Renewable Ethyl <em>Tert</em>-Butyl Ether (ETBE)
Catalysts
ethyl <i>tert</i>-butyl ether (ETBE)
biofuel additive
bio-sourced isobutylene
etherification
Amberlyst-15
author_facet Maik Tretbar
Thomsen Witzel
Anika Hauffe
Ulrike Junghans
Aleš Bulc
Daniela Pufky-Heinrich
author_sort Maik Tretbar
title Feasibility Study on the Etherification of Fermentative-Produced Isobutylene to Fully Renewable Ethyl <em>Tert</em>-Butyl Ether (ETBE)
title_short Feasibility Study on the Etherification of Fermentative-Produced Isobutylene to Fully Renewable Ethyl <em>Tert</em>-Butyl Ether (ETBE)
title_full Feasibility Study on the Etherification of Fermentative-Produced Isobutylene to Fully Renewable Ethyl <em>Tert</em>-Butyl Ether (ETBE)
title_fullStr Feasibility Study on the Etherification of Fermentative-Produced Isobutylene to Fully Renewable Ethyl <em>Tert</em>-Butyl Ether (ETBE)
title_full_unstemmed Feasibility Study on the Etherification of Fermentative-Produced Isobutylene to Fully Renewable Ethyl <em>Tert</em>-Butyl Ether (ETBE)
title_sort feasibility study on the etherification of fermentative-produced isobutylene to fully renewable ethyl <em>tert</em>-butyl ether (etbe)
publisher MDPI AG
series Catalysts
issn 2073-4344
publishDate 2018-11-01
description This work evaluates the direct etherification of bio-sourced isobutylene with ethanol forming fully renewable ethyl <i>tert</i>-butyl ether (ETBE). Challenge was the use of the fermentative produced substrate in a solvent-free catalysis using the acidic ion exchanger Amberlyst-15. CO<sub>2</sub> impurities have a significant influence on the liquid phase process. The conversion at a ratio that is based on molarities of isobutylene to ethanol of 1:0.9 results in yields up to 97 mol% ETBE. Purities up to 99 wt.% could be achieved by subsequent water extraction in order to ensure qualities for technical application as high performance fuel additive.
topic ethyl <i>tert</i>-butyl ether (ETBE)
biofuel additive
bio-sourced isobutylene
etherification
Amberlyst-15
url https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/8/11/514
work_keys_str_mv AT maiktretbar feasibilitystudyontheetherificationoffermentativeproducedisobutylenetofullyrenewableethylemtertembutyletheretbe
AT thomsenwitzel feasibilitystudyontheetherificationoffermentativeproducedisobutylenetofullyrenewableethylemtertembutyletheretbe
AT anikahauffe feasibilitystudyontheetherificationoffermentativeproducedisobutylenetofullyrenewableethylemtertembutyletheretbe
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AT alesbulc feasibilitystudyontheetherificationoffermentativeproducedisobutylenetofullyrenewableethylemtertembutyletheretbe
AT danielapufkyheinrich feasibilitystudyontheetherificationoffermentativeproducedisobutylenetofullyrenewableethylemtertembutyletheretbe
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