Gain +1 or Avoid −1: Validation of the German Regulatory Focus Questionnaire (RFQ)
Abstract Background The Regulatory Focus Questionnaire (RFQ) assesses regulatory promotion and prevention focus, which represent orientations towards gains or losses. The main objective of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the newly translated German version. Methods A sample...
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| Series: | BMC Psychology |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40359-017-0207-y |
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doaj-24b28fc8d6ad4149aa5bfa8f5232710f2020-11-24T21:45:40ZengBMCBMC Psychology2050-72832017-12-015111110.1186/s40359-017-0207-yGain +1 or Avoid −1: Validation of the German Regulatory Focus Questionnaire (RFQ)Bjarne Schmalbach0Markus Zenger1Roy Spina2Ileana Steffens-Guerra3Sören Kliem4Michalis Michaelides5Andreas Hinz6Department of Psychology, University of MünsterFaculty of Applied Human Studies, University of Applied Sciences Magdeburg-StendalDepartment of Psychology and Counselling, University of ChichesterFaculty of Applied Human Studies, University of Applied Sciences Magdeburg-StendalCriminological Research Institute of Lower SaxonyDepartment of Psychology, University of CyprusDepartment of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of LeipzigAbstract Background The Regulatory Focus Questionnaire (RFQ) assesses regulatory promotion and prevention focus, which represent orientations towards gains or losses. The main objective of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the newly translated German version. Methods A sample of 1024 participants answered the questionnaire and several related instruments. We used an online survey tool to collect this data. Data analysis was conducted using methods of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis in SPSS and AMOS. Results The RFQ displayed acceptable reliability, while its correlations with other, related psychological constructs indicated good validity. Factor analysis showed good fit for a two-dimensional model. Tests of measurement invariance revealed clear evidence for metric invariance while scalar invariance remained uncertain. Differences in regulatory focus based on sociodemographic characteristics are reported and discussed. Conclusions Overall, the RFQ can be recommended for application in fields dealing with motivation and goal attainment in a broad sense.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40359-017-0207-yRegulatory focusDecision makingMotivationPsychometric propertiesQuestionnaire |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
English |
| format |
Article |
| sources |
DOAJ |
| author |
Bjarne Schmalbach Markus Zenger Roy Spina Ileana Steffens-Guerra Sören Kliem Michalis Michaelides Andreas Hinz |
| spellingShingle |
Bjarne Schmalbach Markus Zenger Roy Spina Ileana Steffens-Guerra Sören Kliem Michalis Michaelides Andreas Hinz Gain +1 or Avoid −1: Validation of the German Regulatory Focus Questionnaire (RFQ) BMC Psychology Regulatory focus Decision making Motivation Psychometric properties Questionnaire |
| author_facet |
Bjarne Schmalbach Markus Zenger Roy Spina Ileana Steffens-Guerra Sören Kliem Michalis Michaelides Andreas Hinz |
| author_sort |
Bjarne Schmalbach |
| title |
Gain +1 or Avoid −1: Validation of the German Regulatory Focus Questionnaire (RFQ) |
| title_short |
Gain +1 or Avoid −1: Validation of the German Regulatory Focus Questionnaire (RFQ) |
| title_full |
Gain +1 or Avoid −1: Validation of the German Regulatory Focus Questionnaire (RFQ) |
| title_fullStr |
Gain +1 or Avoid −1: Validation of the German Regulatory Focus Questionnaire (RFQ) |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Gain +1 or Avoid −1: Validation of the German Regulatory Focus Questionnaire (RFQ) |
| title_sort |
gain +1 or avoid −1: validation of the german regulatory focus questionnaire (rfq) |
| publisher |
BMC |
| series |
BMC Psychology |
| issn |
2050-7283 |
| publishDate |
2017-12-01 |
| description |
Abstract Background The Regulatory Focus Questionnaire (RFQ) assesses regulatory promotion and prevention focus, which represent orientations towards gains or losses. The main objective of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the newly translated German version. Methods A sample of 1024 participants answered the questionnaire and several related instruments. We used an online survey tool to collect this data. Data analysis was conducted using methods of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis in SPSS and AMOS. Results The RFQ displayed acceptable reliability, while its correlations with other, related psychological constructs indicated good validity. Factor analysis showed good fit for a two-dimensional model. Tests of measurement invariance revealed clear evidence for metric invariance while scalar invariance remained uncertain. Differences in regulatory focus based on sociodemographic characteristics are reported and discussed. Conclusions Overall, the RFQ can be recommended for application in fields dealing with motivation and goal attainment in a broad sense. |
| topic |
Regulatory focus Decision making Motivation Psychometric properties Questionnaire |
| url |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40359-017-0207-y |
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