Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and Total Hydrocarbons (THCs) in ambient air of a petrochemical complex in Iran and their urinary metabolites in employees
Background and Objective: During the past few decades, air pollution has been the focus of international attention due to an increase in deaths from air pollution. In this study, Volatile Organic Hydrocarbons (VOCs) and Total Hydrocarbons (THCs) in ambient air of a Petrochemical Complex, Iran, was m...
Main Authors: | , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | fas |
Published: |
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
2017-06-01
|
Series: | سلامت و محیط |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://ijhe.tums.ac.ir/article-1-5805-en.html |
id |
doaj-24f16f1a75854562a123ad786199011e |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-24f16f1a75854562a123ad786199011e2021-09-05T04:03:48ZfasTehran University of Medical Sciencesسلامت و محیط2008-20292008-37182017-06-01101103114Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and Total Hydrocarbons (THCs) in ambient air of a petrochemical complex in Iran and their urinary metabolites in employeesY Hajizade0Sh Nazmara1H Teiri2I Parseh3 Environment Research Center, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, AND Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Background and Objective: During the past few decades, air pollution has been the focus of international attention due to an increase in deaths from air pollution. In this study, Volatile Organic Hydrocarbons (VOCs) and Total Hydrocarbons (THCs) in ambient air of a Petrochemical Complex, Iran, was measured. Also, the relationship between these pollutants and some of their urinary metabolites was evaluated in the petrochemical complex workers. Materials and Methods: These pollutants were measured in two stages, in spring (40 samples) and summer (40 samples), in ambient air of the different units of the complex. Urinary metabolites were measured in accordance with the NIOSH standard method using a GC-FID and TD/GC-MS. Results: Total average of THCs in the spring and summer was 14.06 and 15.85 ppm, respectively; this amount was 14.09 and 16 ppm for VOCs. In summer, the highest values of VOCs (48.19 ppm) and THCs (47.63 ppm) were measured in Recovery unit. Total average of the urinary metabolites including Phenol, Phenylglyoxylic acid (PGA) and Mandelic Acid (MA) was 16.67, 34.8, and 67.24 mg/g creatinine respectively; in spring, it was 15.34, 57.34, 30.5 mg/g creatinine respectively Conclusion: Background variables such as age, weight, and smoking habit had different impacts on the level of metabolites. The values of measured pollutants were lower than the guideline values proposed by the American Association of Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). In addition, the values of measured metabolites in urine were less than the biological exposure index (BEI) provided by ACGIH.http://ijhe.tums.ac.ir/article-1-5805-en.htmlair pollutionpetrochemical complexbiomarkerthcsvocs |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
fas |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Y Hajizade Sh Nazmara H Teiri I Parseh |
spellingShingle |
Y Hajizade Sh Nazmara H Teiri I Parseh Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and Total Hydrocarbons (THCs) in ambient air of a petrochemical complex in Iran and their urinary metabolites in employees سلامت و محیط air pollution petrochemical complex biomarker thcs vocs |
author_facet |
Y Hajizade Sh Nazmara H Teiri I Parseh |
author_sort |
Y Hajizade |
title |
Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and Total Hydrocarbons (THCs) in ambient air of a petrochemical complex in Iran and their urinary metabolites in employees |
title_short |
Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and Total Hydrocarbons (THCs) in ambient air of a petrochemical complex in Iran and their urinary metabolites in employees |
title_full |
Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and Total Hydrocarbons (THCs) in ambient air of a petrochemical complex in Iran and their urinary metabolites in employees |
title_fullStr |
Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and Total Hydrocarbons (THCs) in ambient air of a petrochemical complex in Iran and their urinary metabolites in employees |
title_full_unstemmed |
Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and Total Hydrocarbons (THCs) in ambient air of a petrochemical complex in Iran and their urinary metabolites in employees |
title_sort |
determination of volatile organic compounds (vocs) and total hydrocarbons (thcs) in ambient air of a petrochemical complex in iran and their urinary metabolites in employees |
publisher |
Tehran University of Medical Sciences |
series |
سلامت و محیط |
issn |
2008-2029 2008-3718 |
publishDate |
2017-06-01 |
description |
Background and Objective: During the past few decades, air pollution has been the focus of international attention due to an increase in deaths from air pollution. In this study, Volatile Organic Hydrocarbons (VOCs) and Total Hydrocarbons (THCs) in ambient air of a Petrochemical Complex, Iran, was measured. Also, the relationship between these pollutants and some of their urinary metabolites was evaluated in the petrochemical complex workers.
Materials and Methods: These pollutants were measured in two stages, in spring (40 samples) and summer (40 samples), in ambient air of the different units of the complex. Urinary metabolites were measured in accordance with the NIOSH standard method using a GC-FID and TD/GC-MS.
Results: Total average of THCs in the spring and summer was 14.06 and 15.85 ppm, respectively; this amount was 14.09 and 16 ppm for VOCs. In summer, the highest values of VOCs (48.19 ppm) and THCs (47.63 ppm) were measured in Recovery unit. Total average of the urinary metabolites including Phenol, Phenylglyoxylic acid (PGA) and Mandelic Acid (MA) was 16.67, 34.8, and 67.24 mg/g creatinine respectively; in spring, it was 15.34, 57.34, 30.5 mg/g creatinine respectively
Conclusion: Background variables such as age, weight, and smoking habit had different impacts on the level of metabolites. The values of measured pollutants were lower than the guideline values proposed by the American Association of Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). In addition, the values of measured metabolites in urine were less than the biological exposure index (BEI) provided by ACGIH. |
topic |
air pollution petrochemical complex biomarker thcs vocs |
url |
http://ijhe.tums.ac.ir/article-1-5805-en.html |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT yhajizade determinationofvolatileorganiccompoundsvocsandtotalhydrocarbonsthcsinambientairofapetrochemicalcomplexiniranandtheirurinarymetabolitesinemployees AT shnazmara determinationofvolatileorganiccompoundsvocsandtotalhydrocarbonsthcsinambientairofapetrochemicalcomplexiniranandtheirurinarymetabolitesinemployees AT hteiri determinationofvolatileorganiccompoundsvocsandtotalhydrocarbonsthcsinambientairofapetrochemicalcomplexiniranandtheirurinarymetabolitesinemployees AT iparseh determinationofvolatileorganiccompoundsvocsandtotalhydrocarbonsthcsinambientairofapetrochemicalcomplexiniranandtheirurinarymetabolitesinemployees |
_version_ |
1717814742633938944 |