Tumor Endothelial Heterogeneity in Cancer Progression
Tumor blood vessels supply nutrients and oxygen to tumor cells for their growth and provide routes for them to enter circulation. Thus, angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, is essential for tumor progression and metastasis. Tumor endothelial cells (TECs) that cover the inner surfaces of...
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doaj-251da444c4e74865b8310a545c42e7bd2020-11-25T01:27:37ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942019-10-011110151110.3390/cancers11101511cancers11101511Tumor Endothelial Heterogeneity in Cancer ProgressionNako Maishi0Dorcas A. Annan1Hiroshi Kikuchi2Yasuhiro Hida3Kyoko Hida4Department of Vascular Biology and Molecular Pathology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Sapporo 060-8586, JapanDepartment of Vascular Biology and Molecular Pathology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Sapporo 060-8586, JapanVascular Biology, Frontier Research Unit, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0815, JapanDepartment of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, JapanDepartment of Vascular Biology and Molecular Pathology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Sapporo 060-8586, JapanTumor blood vessels supply nutrients and oxygen to tumor cells for their growth and provide routes for them to enter circulation. Thus, angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, is essential for tumor progression and metastasis. Tumor endothelial cells (TECs) that cover the inner surfaces of tumor blood vessels reportedly show phenotypes distinct from those of their normal counterparts. As examples, TECs show cytogenetic abnormalities, resistance to anticancer drugs, activated proliferation and migration, and specific gene expression patterns. TECs contain stem-like cell populations, which means that the origin of TECs is heterogeneous. In addition, since some abnormal phenotypes in TECs are induced by factors in the tumor microenvironment, such as hypoxia and tumor cell-derived factors, phenotypic diversity in TECs may be caused in part by intratumoral heterogeneity. Recent studies have identified that the interaction of tumor cells and TECs by juxtacrine and paracrine signaling contributes to tumor malignancy. Understanding TEC abnormality and heterogeneity is important for treatment of cancers. This review provides an overview of the diversity of TECs and discusses the interaction between TECs and tumor cells in the tumor microenvironment.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/11/10/1511tumor endothelial cellmetastasisheterogeneityangiocrine factor |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Nako Maishi Dorcas A. Annan Hiroshi Kikuchi Yasuhiro Hida Kyoko Hida |
spellingShingle |
Nako Maishi Dorcas A. Annan Hiroshi Kikuchi Yasuhiro Hida Kyoko Hida Tumor Endothelial Heterogeneity in Cancer Progression Cancers tumor endothelial cell metastasis heterogeneity angiocrine factor |
author_facet |
Nako Maishi Dorcas A. Annan Hiroshi Kikuchi Yasuhiro Hida Kyoko Hida |
author_sort |
Nako Maishi |
title |
Tumor Endothelial Heterogeneity in Cancer Progression |
title_short |
Tumor Endothelial Heterogeneity in Cancer Progression |
title_full |
Tumor Endothelial Heterogeneity in Cancer Progression |
title_fullStr |
Tumor Endothelial Heterogeneity in Cancer Progression |
title_full_unstemmed |
Tumor Endothelial Heterogeneity in Cancer Progression |
title_sort |
tumor endothelial heterogeneity in cancer progression |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Cancers |
issn |
2072-6694 |
publishDate |
2019-10-01 |
description |
Tumor blood vessels supply nutrients and oxygen to tumor cells for their growth and provide routes for them to enter circulation. Thus, angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, is essential for tumor progression and metastasis. Tumor endothelial cells (TECs) that cover the inner surfaces of tumor blood vessels reportedly show phenotypes distinct from those of their normal counterparts. As examples, TECs show cytogenetic abnormalities, resistance to anticancer drugs, activated proliferation and migration, and specific gene expression patterns. TECs contain stem-like cell populations, which means that the origin of TECs is heterogeneous. In addition, since some abnormal phenotypes in TECs are induced by factors in the tumor microenvironment, such as hypoxia and tumor cell-derived factors, phenotypic diversity in TECs may be caused in part by intratumoral heterogeneity. Recent studies have identified that the interaction of tumor cells and TECs by juxtacrine and paracrine signaling contributes to tumor malignancy. Understanding TEC abnormality and heterogeneity is important for treatment of cancers. This review provides an overview of the diversity of TECs and discusses the interaction between TECs and tumor cells in the tumor microenvironment. |
topic |
tumor endothelial cell metastasis heterogeneity angiocrine factor |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/11/10/1511 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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1725104224359940096 |