Prior Exposure to Coxsackievirus A21 Does Not Mitigate Oncolytic Therapeutic Efficacy
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are being developed as a type of immunotherapy and have demonstrated durable tumor responses and clinical efficacy. One such OV, Coxsackievirus A21 (CVA21), exhibited therapeutic efficacy in early phase clinical trials, demonstrating the ability to infect and kill cancer cell...
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doaj-2549aa6765f34521bde163826e5fe16b2021-09-09T13:41:07ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942021-09-01134462446210.3390/cancers13174462Prior Exposure to Coxsackievirus A21 Does Not Mitigate Oncolytic Therapeutic EfficacyWilliam J. Burnett0David M. Burnett1Gennie Parkman2Andrew Ramstead3Nico Contreras4William Gravley5Sheri L. Holmen6Matthew A. Williams7Matthew W. VanBrocklin8Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USADepartment of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USADepartment of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USADepartment of Pathology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USADepartment of Pathology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USASchool of Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USADepartment of Surgery, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USADepartment of Pathology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USADepartment of Surgery, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USAOncolytic viruses (OVs) are being developed as a type of immunotherapy and have demonstrated durable tumor responses and clinical efficacy. One such OV, Coxsackievirus A21 (CVA21), exhibited therapeutic efficacy in early phase clinical trials, demonstrating the ability to infect and kill cancer cells and stimulate anti-tumor immune responses. However, one of the major concerns in using this common cold virus as a therapeutic is the potential for innate and adaptive immune responses to mitigate the benefits of viral infection, particularly in individuals that have been exposed to coxsackievirus prior to treatment. In this study, we assess melanoma responses to CVA21 in the absence or presence of prior exposure to the virus. Melanomas were transplanted into naïve or CVA21-immunized C57BL6 mice and the mice were treated with intratumoral (IT) CVA21. We find that prior exposure to CVA21 does not dramatically affect tumor responses, nor does it alter overall survival. Our results suggest that prior exposure to coxsackievirus is not a critical determinant of patient selection for IT CVA21 interventions.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/17/4462oncolytic viruscoxsackievirusCVA21virotherapypicornavirusimmunotherapy |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
William J. Burnett David M. Burnett Gennie Parkman Andrew Ramstead Nico Contreras William Gravley Sheri L. Holmen Matthew A. Williams Matthew W. VanBrocklin |
spellingShingle |
William J. Burnett David M. Burnett Gennie Parkman Andrew Ramstead Nico Contreras William Gravley Sheri L. Holmen Matthew A. Williams Matthew W. VanBrocklin Prior Exposure to Coxsackievirus A21 Does Not Mitigate Oncolytic Therapeutic Efficacy Cancers oncolytic virus coxsackievirus CVA21 virotherapy picornavirus immunotherapy |
author_facet |
William J. Burnett David M. Burnett Gennie Parkman Andrew Ramstead Nico Contreras William Gravley Sheri L. Holmen Matthew A. Williams Matthew W. VanBrocklin |
author_sort |
William J. Burnett |
title |
Prior Exposure to Coxsackievirus A21 Does Not Mitigate Oncolytic Therapeutic Efficacy |
title_short |
Prior Exposure to Coxsackievirus A21 Does Not Mitigate Oncolytic Therapeutic Efficacy |
title_full |
Prior Exposure to Coxsackievirus A21 Does Not Mitigate Oncolytic Therapeutic Efficacy |
title_fullStr |
Prior Exposure to Coxsackievirus A21 Does Not Mitigate Oncolytic Therapeutic Efficacy |
title_full_unstemmed |
Prior Exposure to Coxsackievirus A21 Does Not Mitigate Oncolytic Therapeutic Efficacy |
title_sort |
prior exposure to coxsackievirus a21 does not mitigate oncolytic therapeutic efficacy |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Cancers |
issn |
2072-6694 |
publishDate |
2021-09-01 |
description |
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are being developed as a type of immunotherapy and have demonstrated durable tumor responses and clinical efficacy. One such OV, Coxsackievirus A21 (CVA21), exhibited therapeutic efficacy in early phase clinical trials, demonstrating the ability to infect and kill cancer cells and stimulate anti-tumor immune responses. However, one of the major concerns in using this common cold virus as a therapeutic is the potential for innate and adaptive immune responses to mitigate the benefits of viral infection, particularly in individuals that have been exposed to coxsackievirus prior to treatment. In this study, we assess melanoma responses to CVA21 in the absence or presence of prior exposure to the virus. Melanomas were transplanted into naïve or CVA21-immunized C57BL6 mice and the mice were treated with intratumoral (IT) CVA21. We find that prior exposure to CVA21 does not dramatically affect tumor responses, nor does it alter overall survival. Our results suggest that prior exposure to coxsackievirus is not a critical determinant of patient selection for IT CVA21 interventions. |
topic |
oncolytic virus coxsackievirus CVA21 virotherapy picornavirus immunotherapy |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/17/4462 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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