Phylo‐biogeographical distribution of whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Insecta: Aleyrodidae) mitotypes in Ecuador
Abstract The Bemisia tabaci complex in Ecuador was studied with respect to phylogenetic relationships and eco‐geographical distribution. Whitefly samples were collected from natural and agricultural environments in nine provinces of Ecuador (latitude, 2° N–5° S; longitude, 78°–81° W). Mitotypes were...
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doaj-25575f199b524e9dbb6a7e4400d8456b2020-11-25T02:44:52ZengWileyEcosphere2150-89252020-06-01116n/an/a10.1002/ecs2.3154Phylo‐biogeographical distribution of whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Insecta: Aleyrodidae) mitotypes in EcuadorJorge R. Paredes‐Montero0María A. Ibarra1Myriam Arias‐Zambrano2Esther L. Peralta3Judith K. Brown4School of Plant Sciences The University of Arizona 1140 East South Campus Drive Tucson Arizona85721USAFacultad de Ciencias de la Vida Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral GuayaquilEC090112EcuadorInstituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Estación Experimental Litoral Sur Km. 26 Vía Durán‐Tambo GuayaquilEC090112EcuadorFacultad de Ciencias de la Vida Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral GuayaquilEC090112EcuadorSchool of Plant Sciences The University of Arizona 1140 East South Campus Drive Tucson Arizona85721USAAbstract The Bemisia tabaci complex in Ecuador was studied with respect to phylogenetic relationships and eco‐geographical distribution. Whitefly samples were collected from natural and agricultural environments in nine provinces of Ecuador (latitude, 2° N–5° S; longitude, 78°–81° W). Mitotypes were identified based on phylogenetic analysis of the 3′‐mtCOI‐tRNAleu region (832 bp) and corrected pairwise distance analysis. The distribution of mitotypes was modeled using MaxEnt, and their predicted niches were characterized according to environmental gradients. Four B. tabaci mitotypes were identified, of which three are endemic, herein ECU1–3, and the other is the introduced B mitotype. Mitotypes ECU1 (44%), ECU2 (0.74%), and ECU3 (1.47%) grouped in the American Tropics (AMTROP) species and diverged by as much as 10%, which was higher than previous estimates for the AMTROP clade of 7–8.6%. Although haplotypes of ECU1 and ECU2 are known from the American Tropics, this is the first report of the ECU3 mitotype, which may possibly be restricted to southern Ecuador. The distribution of the three ECU‐endemic mitotypes spanned the high‐altitude niches of the western slope of the Andes, rich in microclimates with variable temperature and humidity conditions. The non‐endemic B mitotype (47%) occurred only in the irrigated cropping systems located in hot and/or dry‐tropical ecological niches. Of the endemic mitotypes, ECU1 occupied the most ecological niches. Among variables contributing to ECU1 and B mitotype niche range assignments, the most significant to influence ecological range was rainfall. The B. tabaci endemic to Ecuador were more diverse with respect to mtCOI‐tRNAleu sequence than previously known, and occupied distinct microclimate niches suggestive of ecological resilience.https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3154DNA barcodingecologyinsect vectorMaxEntmitochondrial COI diversityniche modeling |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Jorge R. Paredes‐Montero María A. Ibarra Myriam Arias‐Zambrano Esther L. Peralta Judith K. Brown |
spellingShingle |
Jorge R. Paredes‐Montero María A. Ibarra Myriam Arias‐Zambrano Esther L. Peralta Judith K. Brown Phylo‐biogeographical distribution of whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Insecta: Aleyrodidae) mitotypes in Ecuador Ecosphere DNA barcoding ecology insect vector MaxEnt mitochondrial COI diversity niche modeling |
author_facet |
Jorge R. Paredes‐Montero María A. Ibarra Myriam Arias‐Zambrano Esther L. Peralta Judith K. Brown |
author_sort |
Jorge R. Paredes‐Montero |
title |
Phylo‐biogeographical distribution of whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Insecta: Aleyrodidae) mitotypes in Ecuador |
title_short |
Phylo‐biogeographical distribution of whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Insecta: Aleyrodidae) mitotypes in Ecuador |
title_full |
Phylo‐biogeographical distribution of whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Insecta: Aleyrodidae) mitotypes in Ecuador |
title_fullStr |
Phylo‐biogeographical distribution of whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Insecta: Aleyrodidae) mitotypes in Ecuador |
title_full_unstemmed |
Phylo‐biogeographical distribution of whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Insecta: Aleyrodidae) mitotypes in Ecuador |
title_sort |
phylo‐biogeographical distribution of whitefly bemisia tabaci (insecta: aleyrodidae) mitotypes in ecuador |
publisher |
Wiley |
series |
Ecosphere |
issn |
2150-8925 |
publishDate |
2020-06-01 |
description |
Abstract The Bemisia tabaci complex in Ecuador was studied with respect to phylogenetic relationships and eco‐geographical distribution. Whitefly samples were collected from natural and agricultural environments in nine provinces of Ecuador (latitude, 2° N–5° S; longitude, 78°–81° W). Mitotypes were identified based on phylogenetic analysis of the 3′‐mtCOI‐tRNAleu region (832 bp) and corrected pairwise distance analysis. The distribution of mitotypes was modeled using MaxEnt, and their predicted niches were characterized according to environmental gradients. Four B. tabaci mitotypes were identified, of which three are endemic, herein ECU1–3, and the other is the introduced B mitotype. Mitotypes ECU1 (44%), ECU2 (0.74%), and ECU3 (1.47%) grouped in the American Tropics (AMTROP) species and diverged by as much as 10%, which was higher than previous estimates for the AMTROP clade of 7–8.6%. Although haplotypes of ECU1 and ECU2 are known from the American Tropics, this is the first report of the ECU3 mitotype, which may possibly be restricted to southern Ecuador. The distribution of the three ECU‐endemic mitotypes spanned the high‐altitude niches of the western slope of the Andes, rich in microclimates with variable temperature and humidity conditions. The non‐endemic B mitotype (47%) occurred only in the irrigated cropping systems located in hot and/or dry‐tropical ecological niches. Of the endemic mitotypes, ECU1 occupied the most ecological niches. Among variables contributing to ECU1 and B mitotype niche range assignments, the most significant to influence ecological range was rainfall. The B. tabaci endemic to Ecuador were more diverse with respect to mtCOI‐tRNAleu sequence than previously known, and occupied distinct microclimate niches suggestive of ecological resilience. |
topic |
DNA barcoding ecology insect vector MaxEnt mitochondrial COI diversity niche modeling |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3154 |
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