An fMRI Feature Selection Method Based on a Minimum Spanning Tree for Identifying Patients with Autism

• Main Authors: Chunlei Shi, Jiacai Zhang, Xia Wu
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2020-12-01
• Series: Symmetry
• Subjects: autism spectrum disorders; machine learning; feature selection method; minimum spanning tree
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/12/12/1995

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder originating in infancy and childhood that may cause language barriers and social difficulties. However, in the diagnosis of ASD, the current machine learning methods still face many challenges in determining the location of biomarkers. Here, we proposed a novel feature selection method based on the minimum spanning tree (MST) to seek neuromarkers for ASD. First, we constructed an undirected graph with nodes of candidate features. At the same time, a weight calculation method considering both feature redundancy and discriminant ability was introduced. Second, we utilized the Prim algorithm to construct the MST from the initial graph structure. Third, the sum of the edge weights of all connected nodes was sorted for each node in the MST. Then, <i>N</i> features corresponding to the nodes with the first <i>N</i> smallest sum were selected as classification features. Finally, the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm was used to evaluate the discriminant performance of the aforementioned feature selection method. Comparative experiments results show that our proposed method has improved the ASD classification performance, i.e., the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were 86.7%, 87.5%, and 85.7%, respectively.