Incorporation of Immune Checkpoint Blockade into Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells (CAR-Ts): Combination or Built-In CAR-T
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy represents the first U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved gene therapy and these engineered cells function with unprecedented efficacy in the treatment of refractory CD19 positive hematologic malignancies. CAR translation to solid tumors is also b...
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doaj-2576f88b9bb14a9a8b7972ec9d34a92f2020-11-24T20:48:16ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1422-00672018-01-0119234010.3390/ijms19020340ijms19020340Incorporation of Immune Checkpoint Blockade into Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells (CAR-Ts): Combination or Built-In CAR-TDok Hyun Yoon0Mark J. Osborn1Jakub Tolar2Chong Jai Kim3Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, KoreaAsan-Minnesota Institute for Innovating Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USAAsan-Minnesota Institute for Innovating Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USAAsan-Minnesota Institute for Innovating Transplantation, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, KoreaChimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy represents the first U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved gene therapy and these engineered cells function with unprecedented efficacy in the treatment of refractory CD19 positive hematologic malignancies. CAR translation to solid tumors is also being actively investigated; however, efficacy to date has been variable due to tumor-evolved mechanisms that inhibit local immune cell activity. To bolster the potency of CAR-T cells, modulation of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment with immune-checkpoint blockade is a promising strategy. The impact of this approach on hematological malignancies is in its infancy, and in this review we discuss CAR-T cells and their synergy with immune-checkpoint blockade.http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/19/2/340adoptive T cell therapychimeric antigen receptorsPD-1immune-checkpointcancer immunotherapygene editinggene therapyCRISPR/Cas9 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Dok Hyun Yoon Mark J. Osborn Jakub Tolar Chong Jai Kim |
spellingShingle |
Dok Hyun Yoon Mark J. Osborn Jakub Tolar Chong Jai Kim Incorporation of Immune Checkpoint Blockade into Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells (CAR-Ts): Combination or Built-In CAR-T International Journal of Molecular Sciences adoptive T cell therapy chimeric antigen receptors PD-1 immune-checkpoint cancer immunotherapy gene editing gene therapy CRISPR/Cas9 |
author_facet |
Dok Hyun Yoon Mark J. Osborn Jakub Tolar Chong Jai Kim |
author_sort |
Dok Hyun Yoon |
title |
Incorporation of Immune Checkpoint Blockade into Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells (CAR-Ts): Combination or Built-In CAR-T |
title_short |
Incorporation of Immune Checkpoint Blockade into Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells (CAR-Ts): Combination or Built-In CAR-T |
title_full |
Incorporation of Immune Checkpoint Blockade into Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells (CAR-Ts): Combination or Built-In CAR-T |
title_fullStr |
Incorporation of Immune Checkpoint Blockade into Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells (CAR-Ts): Combination or Built-In CAR-T |
title_full_unstemmed |
Incorporation of Immune Checkpoint Blockade into Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells (CAR-Ts): Combination or Built-In CAR-T |
title_sort |
incorporation of immune checkpoint blockade into chimeric antigen receptor t cells (car-ts): combination or built-in car-t |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
issn |
1422-0067 |
publishDate |
2018-01-01 |
description |
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy represents the first U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved gene therapy and these engineered cells function with unprecedented efficacy in the treatment of refractory CD19 positive hematologic malignancies. CAR translation to solid tumors is also being actively investigated; however, efficacy to date has been variable due to tumor-evolved mechanisms that inhibit local immune cell activity. To bolster the potency of CAR-T cells, modulation of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment with immune-checkpoint blockade is a promising strategy. The impact of this approach on hematological malignancies is in its infancy, and in this review we discuss CAR-T cells and their synergy with immune-checkpoint blockade. |
topic |
adoptive T cell therapy chimeric antigen receptors PD-1 immune-checkpoint cancer immunotherapy gene editing gene therapy CRISPR/Cas9 |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/19/2/340 |
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