Fabrication and Mechanical Characterization of Hydrogel Infused Network Silk Scaffolds
Development and characterization of porous scaffolds for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is of great importance. In recent times, silk scaffolds were developed and successfully tested in tissue engineering and drug release applications. We developed a novel composite scaffold by mechani...
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doaj-25957a7a22154c649867036fa18ea9bb2020-11-24T21:46:01ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1422-00672016-09-011710163110.3390/ijms17101631ijms17101631Fabrication and Mechanical Characterization of Hydrogel Infused Network Silk ScaffoldsLakshminath Kundanati0Saket K. Singh1Biman B. Mandal2Tejas G. Murthy3Namrata Gundiah4Nicola M. Pugno5Laboratory of Bio-Inspired & Graphene Nanomechanics, Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Via Mesiano 77, 38123 Trento, ItalyBiomaterial and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati 781039, Assam, IndiaBiomaterial and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati 781039, Assam, IndiaDepartments of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, IndiaDepartments of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, IndiaLaboratory of Bio-Inspired & Graphene Nanomechanics, Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Via Mesiano 77, 38123 Trento, ItalyDevelopment and characterization of porous scaffolds for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is of great importance. In recent times, silk scaffolds were developed and successfully tested in tissue engineering and drug release applications. We developed a novel composite scaffold by mechanical infusion of silk hydrogel matrix into a highly porous network silk scaffold. The mechanical behaviour of these scaffolds was thoroughly examined for their possible use in load bearing applications. Firstly, unconfined compression experiments show that the denser composite scaffolds displayed significant enhancement in the elastic modulus as compared to either of the components. This effect was examined and further explained with the help of foam mechanics principles. Secondly, results from confined compression experiments that resemble loading of cartilage in confinement, showed nonlinear material responses for all scaffolds. Finally, the confined creep experiments were performed to calculate the hydraulic permeability of the scaffolds using soil mechanics principles. Our results show that composite scaffolds with some modifications can be a potential candidate for use of cartilage like applications. We hope such approaches help in developing novel scaffolds for tissue engineering by providing an understanding of the mechanics and can further be used to develop graded scaffolds by targeted infusion in specific regions.http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/17/10/1631silk scaffoldstissue engineeringfoam mechanicspermeabilitymechanical infusion |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Lakshminath Kundanati Saket K. Singh Biman B. Mandal Tejas G. Murthy Namrata Gundiah Nicola M. Pugno |
spellingShingle |
Lakshminath Kundanati Saket K. Singh Biman B. Mandal Tejas G. Murthy Namrata Gundiah Nicola M. Pugno Fabrication and Mechanical Characterization of Hydrogel Infused Network Silk Scaffolds International Journal of Molecular Sciences silk scaffolds tissue engineering foam mechanics permeability mechanical infusion |
author_facet |
Lakshminath Kundanati Saket K. Singh Biman B. Mandal Tejas G. Murthy Namrata Gundiah Nicola M. Pugno |
author_sort |
Lakshminath Kundanati |
title |
Fabrication and Mechanical Characterization of Hydrogel Infused Network Silk Scaffolds |
title_short |
Fabrication and Mechanical Characterization of Hydrogel Infused Network Silk Scaffolds |
title_full |
Fabrication and Mechanical Characterization of Hydrogel Infused Network Silk Scaffolds |
title_fullStr |
Fabrication and Mechanical Characterization of Hydrogel Infused Network Silk Scaffolds |
title_full_unstemmed |
Fabrication and Mechanical Characterization of Hydrogel Infused Network Silk Scaffolds |
title_sort |
fabrication and mechanical characterization of hydrogel infused network silk scaffolds |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
issn |
1422-0067 |
publishDate |
2016-09-01 |
description |
Development and characterization of porous scaffolds for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is of great importance. In recent times, silk scaffolds were developed and successfully tested in tissue engineering and drug release applications. We developed a novel composite scaffold by mechanical infusion of silk hydrogel matrix into a highly porous network silk scaffold. The mechanical behaviour of these scaffolds was thoroughly examined for their possible use in load bearing applications. Firstly, unconfined compression experiments show that the denser composite scaffolds displayed significant enhancement in the elastic modulus as compared to either of the components. This effect was examined and further explained with the help of foam mechanics principles. Secondly, results from confined compression experiments that resemble loading of cartilage in confinement, showed nonlinear material responses for all scaffolds. Finally, the confined creep experiments were performed to calculate the hydraulic permeability of the scaffolds using soil mechanics principles. Our results show that composite scaffolds with some modifications can be a potential candidate for use of cartilage like applications. We hope such approaches help in developing novel scaffolds for tissue engineering by providing an understanding of the mechanics and can further be used to develop graded scaffolds by targeted infusion in specific regions. |
topic |
silk scaffolds tissue engineering foam mechanics permeability mechanical infusion |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/17/10/1631 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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