IoT Registration and Authentication in Smart City Applications with Blockchain
The advent of 5G will bring a massive adoption of IoT devices across our society. IoT Applications (IoT Apps) will be the primary data collection base. This scenario leads to unprecedented scalability and security challenges, with one of the first areas for these applications being Smart Cities (SC)...
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doaj-25a2039bcc6c45d19f54320f6a1e6f282021-02-14T00:00:17ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202021-02-01211323132310.3390/s21041323IoT Registration and Authentication in Smart City Applications with BlockchainCélio Márcio Soares Ferreira0Charles Tim Batista Garrocho1Ricardo Augusto Rabelo Oliveira2Jorge Sá Silva3Carlos Frederico Marcelo da Cunha Cavalcanti4Computing Department (DECOM), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto 35400-000, BrazilComputing Department (DECOM), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto 35400-000, BrazilComputing Department (DECOM), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto 35400-000, BrazilDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3030-290 Coimbra, PortugalComputing Department (DECOM), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto 35400-000, BrazilThe advent of 5G will bring a massive adoption of IoT devices across our society. IoT Applications (IoT Apps) will be the primary data collection base. This scenario leads to unprecedented scalability and security challenges, with one of the first areas for these applications being Smart Cities (SC). IoT devices in new network paradigms, such as Edge Computing and Fog Computing, will collect data from urban environments, providing real-time management information. One of these challenges is ensuring that the data sent from Edge Computing are reliable. Blockchain has been a technology that has gained the spotlight in recent years, due to its robust security in fintech and cryptocurrencies. Its strong encryption and distributed and decentralized network make it potential for this challenge. Using Blockchain with IoT makes it possible for SC applications to have security information distributed, which makes it possible to shield against Distributed Denial of Service (DDOS). IoT devices in an SC can have a long life, which increases the chance of having security holes caused by outdated firmware. Adding a layer of identification and verification of attributes and signature of messages coming from IoT devices by Smart Contracts can bring confidence in the content. SC Apps that extract data from legacy and outdated appliances, installed in inaccessible, unknown, and often untrusted urban environments can benefit from this work. Our work’s main contribution is the development of API Gateways to be used in IoT devices and network gateway to sign, identify, and authorize messages. For this, keys and essential characteristics of the devices previously registered in Blockchain are used. We will discuss the importance of this implementation while considering the SC and present a testbed that is composed of Blockchain Ethereum and real IoT devices. We analyze the transfer time, memory, and CPU impacts during the sending and processing of these messages. The messages are signed, identified, and validated by our API Gateways and only then collected for an IoT data management application.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/4/1323BlockchainSmart CitySmart ContractIoT |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Célio Márcio Soares Ferreira Charles Tim Batista Garrocho Ricardo Augusto Rabelo Oliveira Jorge Sá Silva Carlos Frederico Marcelo da Cunha Cavalcanti |
spellingShingle |
Célio Márcio Soares Ferreira Charles Tim Batista Garrocho Ricardo Augusto Rabelo Oliveira Jorge Sá Silva Carlos Frederico Marcelo da Cunha Cavalcanti IoT Registration and Authentication in Smart City Applications with Blockchain Sensors Blockchain Smart City Smart Contract IoT |
author_facet |
Célio Márcio Soares Ferreira Charles Tim Batista Garrocho Ricardo Augusto Rabelo Oliveira Jorge Sá Silva Carlos Frederico Marcelo da Cunha Cavalcanti |
author_sort |
Célio Márcio Soares Ferreira |
title |
IoT Registration and Authentication in Smart City Applications with Blockchain |
title_short |
IoT Registration and Authentication in Smart City Applications with Blockchain |
title_full |
IoT Registration and Authentication in Smart City Applications with Blockchain |
title_fullStr |
IoT Registration and Authentication in Smart City Applications with Blockchain |
title_full_unstemmed |
IoT Registration and Authentication in Smart City Applications with Blockchain |
title_sort |
iot registration and authentication in smart city applications with blockchain |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Sensors |
issn |
1424-8220 |
publishDate |
2021-02-01 |
description |
The advent of 5G will bring a massive adoption of IoT devices across our society. IoT Applications (IoT Apps) will be the primary data collection base. This scenario leads to unprecedented scalability and security challenges, with one of the first areas for these applications being Smart Cities (SC). IoT devices in new network paradigms, such as Edge Computing and Fog Computing, will collect data from urban environments, providing real-time management information. One of these challenges is ensuring that the data sent from Edge Computing are reliable. Blockchain has been a technology that has gained the spotlight in recent years, due to its robust security in fintech and cryptocurrencies. Its strong encryption and distributed and decentralized network make it potential for this challenge. Using Blockchain with IoT makes it possible for SC applications to have security information distributed, which makes it possible to shield against Distributed Denial of Service (DDOS). IoT devices in an SC can have a long life, which increases the chance of having security holes caused by outdated firmware. Adding a layer of identification and verification of attributes and signature of messages coming from IoT devices by Smart Contracts can bring confidence in the content. SC Apps that extract data from legacy and outdated appliances, installed in inaccessible, unknown, and often untrusted urban environments can benefit from this work. Our work’s main contribution is the development of API Gateways to be used in IoT devices and network gateway to sign, identify, and authorize messages. For this, keys and essential characteristics of the devices previously registered in Blockchain are used. We will discuss the importance of this implementation while considering the SC and present a testbed that is composed of Blockchain Ethereum and real IoT devices. We analyze the transfer time, memory, and CPU impacts during the sending and processing of these messages. The messages are signed, identified, and validated by our API Gateways and only then collected for an IoT data management application. |
topic |
Blockchain Smart City Smart Contract IoT |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/4/1323 |
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