Vessel-Associated Immune Cells in Cerebrovascular Diseases: From Perivascular Macrophages to Vessel-Associated Microglia
Cerebral small vessels feed and protect the brain parenchyma thanks to the unique features of the blood–brain barrier. Cerebrovascular dysfunction is therefore seen as a detrimental factor for the initiation of several central nervous system (CNS) disorders, such as stroke, cerebral small vessel dis...
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doaj-25cf3c6eb2764dd19fba4b6839b7be6b2020-11-25T00:13:11ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neuroscience1662-453X2019-12-011310.3389/fnins.2019.01291469085Vessel-Associated Immune Cells in Cerebrovascular Diseases: From Perivascular Macrophages to Vessel-Associated MicrogliaTakashi Koizumi0Takashi Koizumi1Danielle Kerkhofs2Danielle Kerkhofs3Toshiki Mizuno4Harry W. M. Steinbusch5Sébastien Foulquier6Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, JapanDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, NetherlandsDepartment of Neurology, School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, NetherlandsDepartment of Pathology, School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, NetherlandsDepartment of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, JapanDepartment of Translational Neuroscience, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, NetherlandsDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, NetherlandsCerebral small vessels feed and protect the brain parenchyma thanks to the unique features of the blood–brain barrier. Cerebrovascular dysfunction is therefore seen as a detrimental factor for the initiation of several central nervous system (CNS) disorders, such as stroke, cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD), and Alzheimer’s disease. The main working hypothesis linking cerebrovascular dysfunction to brain disorders includes the contribution of neuroinflammation. While our knowledge on microglia cells – the brain-resident immune cells – has been increasing in the last decades, the specific populations of microglia and macrophages surrounding brain vessels, vessel-associated microglia (VAM), and perivascular macrophages (PVMs), respectively, have been overlooked. This review aims to summarize the knowledge gathered on VAM and PVMs, to discuss existing knowledge gaps of importance for later studies and to summarize evidences for their contribution to cerebrovascular dysfunction.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnins.2019.01291/fullcerebrovascular dysfunctionneuroinflammationcerebral small vessel diseasevascular cognitive impairment and dementiamicrogliamacrophages |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Takashi Koizumi Takashi Koizumi Danielle Kerkhofs Danielle Kerkhofs Toshiki Mizuno Harry W. M. Steinbusch Sébastien Foulquier |
spellingShingle |
Takashi Koizumi Takashi Koizumi Danielle Kerkhofs Danielle Kerkhofs Toshiki Mizuno Harry W. M. Steinbusch Sébastien Foulquier Vessel-Associated Immune Cells in Cerebrovascular Diseases: From Perivascular Macrophages to Vessel-Associated Microglia Frontiers in Neuroscience cerebrovascular dysfunction neuroinflammation cerebral small vessel disease vascular cognitive impairment and dementia microglia macrophages |
author_facet |
Takashi Koizumi Takashi Koizumi Danielle Kerkhofs Danielle Kerkhofs Toshiki Mizuno Harry W. M. Steinbusch Sébastien Foulquier |
author_sort |
Takashi Koizumi |
title |
Vessel-Associated Immune Cells in Cerebrovascular Diseases: From Perivascular Macrophages to Vessel-Associated Microglia |
title_short |
Vessel-Associated Immune Cells in Cerebrovascular Diseases: From Perivascular Macrophages to Vessel-Associated Microglia |
title_full |
Vessel-Associated Immune Cells in Cerebrovascular Diseases: From Perivascular Macrophages to Vessel-Associated Microglia |
title_fullStr |
Vessel-Associated Immune Cells in Cerebrovascular Diseases: From Perivascular Macrophages to Vessel-Associated Microglia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Vessel-Associated Immune Cells in Cerebrovascular Diseases: From Perivascular Macrophages to Vessel-Associated Microglia |
title_sort |
vessel-associated immune cells in cerebrovascular diseases: from perivascular macrophages to vessel-associated microglia |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Neuroscience |
issn |
1662-453X |
publishDate |
2019-12-01 |
description |
Cerebral small vessels feed and protect the brain parenchyma thanks to the unique features of the blood–brain barrier. Cerebrovascular dysfunction is therefore seen as a detrimental factor for the initiation of several central nervous system (CNS) disorders, such as stroke, cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD), and Alzheimer’s disease. The main working hypothesis linking cerebrovascular dysfunction to brain disorders includes the contribution of neuroinflammation. While our knowledge on microglia cells – the brain-resident immune cells – has been increasing in the last decades, the specific populations of microglia and macrophages surrounding brain vessels, vessel-associated microglia (VAM), and perivascular macrophages (PVMs), respectively, have been overlooked. This review aims to summarize the knowledge gathered on VAM and PVMs, to discuss existing knowledge gaps of importance for later studies and to summarize evidences for their contribution to cerebrovascular dysfunction. |
topic |
cerebrovascular dysfunction neuroinflammation cerebral small vessel disease vascular cognitive impairment and dementia microglia macrophages |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnins.2019.01291/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
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