Genome Analysis of <i>Streptomyces nojiriensis</i> JCM 3382 and Distribution of Gene Clusters for Three Antibiotics and an Azasugar across the Genus <i>Streptomyces</i>

• Main Authors: Jin-Soo Park, Da-Eun Kim, Sung-Chul Hong, Seung-Young Kim, Hak Cheol Kwon, Chang-Gu Hyun, Jaeyoung Choi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2021-08-01
• Series: Microorganisms
• Subjects: <i>Streptomyces nojiriensis</i> JCM 3382; antibiotics; nojirimycin; biosynthetic gene cluster; secondary metabolism; comparative genomics
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/9/1802

<i>Streptomyces</i> spp. have been major contributors of novel natural products that are used in many application areas. We found that the nojirimycin (NJ) producer JCM 3382 has antimicrobial activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> via cellular degradation. Genome analysis revealed 30 biosynthetic gene clusters, including those responsible for producing antibiotics, including an azasugar NJ. In-depth MS/MS analysis confirmed the production of 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) along with NJ. In addition, the production of tambromycins, setomimycin, and linearmycins was verified by spectroscopic analyses, including LC-MS and NMR. The distribution of the clusters of genes coding for antibiotics in 2061 <i>Streptomyces</i> genomes suggested potential producers of tambromycin, setomimycin, and linearmycin. For a DNJ gene cluster, homologs of <i>gabT1</i> and <i>gutB1</i> were commonly found; however, <i>yktC1</i> was identified in only 112 genomes. The presence of several types of clusters suggests that different strains may produce different types of azasugars. Chemical-profile-inspired comparative genome analysis may facilitate a more accurate assessment of the biosynthetic potential to produce secondary metabolites.