Factors in Oncogenesis: Viral Infections in Ovarian Cancer
Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the leading causes of cancer death in women, with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) being the most lethal gynecologic malignancy among women. This high fatality rate is the result of diagnosis of a high number of new cases when cancer implants have already spread...
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doaj-2604142163704331bdae773be0a938452020-11-25T02:24:32ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942020-02-0112356110.3390/cancers12030561cancers12030561Factors in Oncogenesis: Viral Infections in Ovarian CancerSudipta Pathak0Jacek R. Wilczyński1Edyta Paradowska2Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 93-232 Lodz, PolandDepartment of Surgical and Oncological Gynecology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, PolandLaboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 93-232 Lodz, PolandOvarian cancer (OC) is one of the leading causes of cancer death in women, with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) being the most lethal gynecologic malignancy among women. This high fatality rate is the result of diagnosis of a high number of new cases when cancer implants have already spread. The poor prognosis is due to our inadequate understanding of the molecular mechanisms preceding ovarian malignancy. Knowledge about the site of origination has been improved recently by the discovery of tube intraepithelial cancer (TIC), but the potential risk factors are still obscure. Due to high tumoral heterogeneity in OC, the establishment of early stage biomarkers is still underway. Microbial infection may induce or result in chronic inflammatory infection and in the pathogenesis of cancers. Microbiome research has shed light on the relationships between the host and microbiota, as well as the direct roles of host pathogens in cancer development, progression, and drug efficacy. While controversial, the detection of viruses within ovarian malignancies and fallopian tube tissues suggests that these pathogens may play a role in the development of OC. Genomic and proteomic approaches have enhanced the methods for identifying candidates in early screening. This article summarizes the existing knowledge related to the molecular mechanisms that lead to tumorigenesis in the ovary, as well as the viruses detected in OC cases and how they may elevate this process.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/3/561ovarian cancerhuman papilloma viruscytomegalovirusreview |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Sudipta Pathak Jacek R. Wilczyński Edyta Paradowska |
spellingShingle |
Sudipta Pathak Jacek R. Wilczyński Edyta Paradowska Factors in Oncogenesis: Viral Infections in Ovarian Cancer Cancers ovarian cancer human papilloma virus cytomegalovirus review |
author_facet |
Sudipta Pathak Jacek R. Wilczyński Edyta Paradowska |
author_sort |
Sudipta Pathak |
title |
Factors in Oncogenesis: Viral Infections in Ovarian Cancer |
title_short |
Factors in Oncogenesis: Viral Infections in Ovarian Cancer |
title_full |
Factors in Oncogenesis: Viral Infections in Ovarian Cancer |
title_fullStr |
Factors in Oncogenesis: Viral Infections in Ovarian Cancer |
title_full_unstemmed |
Factors in Oncogenesis: Viral Infections in Ovarian Cancer |
title_sort |
factors in oncogenesis: viral infections in ovarian cancer |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Cancers |
issn |
2072-6694 |
publishDate |
2020-02-01 |
description |
Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the leading causes of cancer death in women, with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) being the most lethal gynecologic malignancy among women. This high fatality rate is the result of diagnosis of a high number of new cases when cancer implants have already spread. The poor prognosis is due to our inadequate understanding of the molecular mechanisms preceding ovarian malignancy. Knowledge about the site of origination has been improved recently by the discovery of tube intraepithelial cancer (TIC), but the potential risk factors are still obscure. Due to high tumoral heterogeneity in OC, the establishment of early stage biomarkers is still underway. Microbial infection may induce or result in chronic inflammatory infection and in the pathogenesis of cancers. Microbiome research has shed light on the relationships between the host and microbiota, as well as the direct roles of host pathogens in cancer development, progression, and drug efficacy. While controversial, the detection of viruses within ovarian malignancies and fallopian tube tissues suggests that these pathogens may play a role in the development of OC. Genomic and proteomic approaches have enhanced the methods for identifying candidates in early screening. This article summarizes the existing knowledge related to the molecular mechanisms that lead to tumorigenesis in the ovary, as well as the viruses detected in OC cases and how they may elevate this process. |
topic |
ovarian cancer human papilloma virus cytomegalovirus review |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/3/561 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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