Probability of recent bark stripping damage by red deer (Cervus elaphus) on Norway spruce (Picea abies) in a low mountain range in Germany – a preliminary analysis
Red deer (Cervus elaphus) can cause considerable damage to forest stands by bark stripping. Here, we examined the probability of bark stripping of susceptible Norway spruce (Picea abies) during winter in relation to local environmental characteristics in the western Harz Mountains, Lower...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Finnish Society of Forest Science
2008-01-01
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| Series: | Silva Fennica |
| Online Access: | https://www.silvafennica.fi/article/269 |