The application of titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, fullerene, and graphene nanoparticles in photodynamic therapy

• Main Authors: Zahraa Youssef, Régis Vanderesse, Ludovic Colombeau, Francis Baros, Thibault Roques-Carmes, Céline Frochot, Habibah Wahab, Joumana Toufaily, Tayssir Hamieh, Samir Acherar, Amirah Mohd Gazzali
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: BMC 2017-10-01
• Series: Cancer Nanotechnology
• Subjects: Nanoparticles; Photodynamic therapy; Titanium dioxide; Zinc oxide; Fullerene; Graphene
• Online Access: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12645-017-0032-2

Abstract Nanoparticles (NPs) have been shown to have good ability to improve the targeting and delivery of therapeutics. In the field of photodynamic therapy (PDT), this targeting advantage of NPs could help ensure drug delivery at specific sites. Among the commonly reported NPs for PDT applications, NPs from zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, and fullerene are commonly reported. In addition, graphene has also been reported to be used as NPs albeit being relatively new to this field. In this context, the present review is organized by these different NPs and contains numerous research works related to PDT applications. The effectiveness of these NPs for PDT is discussed in detail by collecting all essential information described in the literature. The information thus assembled could be useful in designing new NPs specific for PDT and/or PTT applications in the future.