Extracellular Vesicle Encapsulated MicroRNAs in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Are Affected by Metformin Treatment
Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) in circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs), have emerged as a source of potential biomarkers for various pathophysiological conditions, including metabolic disorders such as diabetes. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is the most prevalent form of diabetes in the USA, wi...
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doaj-279245b7ead74efba403919887237a3a2020-11-25T00:39:35ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832019-05-018561710.3390/jcm8050617jcm8050617Extracellular Vesicle Encapsulated MicroRNAs in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Are Affected by Metformin TreatmentVikas Ghai0Taek-Kyun Kim1Alton Etheridge2Trine Nielsen3Torben Hansen4Oluf Pedersen5David Galas6Kai Wang7Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA 98109, USAInstitute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA 98109, USAPacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98103, USANovo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, 1017 Copenhagen, DenmarkNovo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, 1017 Copenhagen, DenmarkNovo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, 1017 Copenhagen, DenmarkPacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98103, USAInstitute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA 98109, USARecently, microRNAs (miRNAs) in circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs), have emerged as a source of potential biomarkers for various pathophysiological conditions, including metabolic disorders such as diabetes. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is the most prevalent form of diabetes in the USA, with 30 million diagnosed patients. Identifying miRNA biomarkers that can be used to assess response to glucose lowering treatments would be useful. Using patient plasma samples from a subset of the Danish Metagenomics of the Human Intestinal Tract (MetaHIT) cohort, we characterized miRNAs from whole plasma, plasma-derived EVs, and EV-depleted plasma by small RNA-sequencing to identify T2DM associated miRNAs. We identified several miRNAs that exhibited concentration changes between controls and non-metformin treated T2DM patients and we validated a subset of these by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The results showed that the concentrations of many T2DM-affected miRNAs in EV (but not in whole or EV-depleted plasma) decreased to levels close to those of healthy controls following metformin treatment. Among other potential uses of these differentially expressed miRNAs, some might be useful in assessing the response to metformin in T2DM patients.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/8/5/617microRNAsextracellular vesiclestype 2 diabetesmetformin |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Vikas Ghai Taek-Kyun Kim Alton Etheridge Trine Nielsen Torben Hansen Oluf Pedersen David Galas Kai Wang |
spellingShingle |
Vikas Ghai Taek-Kyun Kim Alton Etheridge Trine Nielsen Torben Hansen Oluf Pedersen David Galas Kai Wang Extracellular Vesicle Encapsulated MicroRNAs in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Are Affected by Metformin Treatment Journal of Clinical Medicine microRNAs extracellular vesicles type 2 diabetes metformin |
author_facet |
Vikas Ghai Taek-Kyun Kim Alton Etheridge Trine Nielsen Torben Hansen Oluf Pedersen David Galas Kai Wang |
author_sort |
Vikas Ghai |
title |
Extracellular Vesicle Encapsulated MicroRNAs in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Are Affected by Metformin Treatment |
title_short |
Extracellular Vesicle Encapsulated MicroRNAs in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Are Affected by Metformin Treatment |
title_full |
Extracellular Vesicle Encapsulated MicroRNAs in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Are Affected by Metformin Treatment |
title_fullStr |
Extracellular Vesicle Encapsulated MicroRNAs in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Are Affected by Metformin Treatment |
title_full_unstemmed |
Extracellular Vesicle Encapsulated MicroRNAs in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Are Affected by Metformin Treatment |
title_sort |
extracellular vesicle encapsulated micrornas in patients with type 2 diabetes are affected by metformin treatment |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Journal of Clinical Medicine |
issn |
2077-0383 |
publishDate |
2019-05-01 |
description |
Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) in circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs), have emerged as a source of potential biomarkers for various pathophysiological conditions, including metabolic disorders such as diabetes. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is the most prevalent form of diabetes in the USA, with 30 million diagnosed patients. Identifying miRNA biomarkers that can be used to assess response to glucose lowering treatments would be useful. Using patient plasma samples from a subset of the Danish Metagenomics of the Human Intestinal Tract (MetaHIT) cohort, we characterized miRNAs from whole plasma, plasma-derived EVs, and EV-depleted plasma by small RNA-sequencing to identify T2DM associated miRNAs. We identified several miRNAs that exhibited concentration changes between controls and non-metformin treated T2DM patients and we validated a subset of these by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The results showed that the concentrations of many T2DM-affected miRNAs in EV (but not in whole or EV-depleted plasma) decreased to levels close to those of healthy controls following metformin treatment. Among other potential uses of these differentially expressed miRNAs, some might be useful in assessing the response to metformin in T2DM patients. |
topic |
microRNAs extracellular vesicles type 2 diabetes metformin |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/8/5/617 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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