Historical perspectives of bilingual education in the United States

• Main Authors: Mª Isabel GARCÍA GARRIDO, Miguel FERNÁNDEZ ÁLVAREZ
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca 2011-12-01
• Series: Education in the Knowledge Society
• Subjects: Educación Bilingüe, Estados Unidos, Perspectiva Histórica
• Online Access: http://revistas.usal.es/index.php/revistatesi/article/view/8482

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mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";} </style> <![endif]--> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: ";Times New Roman";,";serif";;" lang="EN-US">This article presents a revision of the evolution of bilingual education in the United States, focusing on the main movements that have been against and in favor of bilingualism.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: ";Times New Roman";,";serif";;" lang="EN-US">Respect for cultural and linguistic diversity started being jeopardized in 1750 when Benjamin Franklin tried to impose English as the official language of the United States. The strongest opposition to bilingualism took place in 1983 with a movement called U.S. English. Another movement, the so called English First, appeared in 1986 with the same objectives as U.S. English. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: ";Times New Roman";,";serif";;" lang="EN-US">However, bilingualism has also had its proposers, such as English Plus. The future of bilingualism has also been legally protected by three acts: (1) the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), (2) The Bilingual Education Act of 1968, and (3) the No Child Left Behind Act.</span></p>