Pneumococcus and the Elderly in Italy: A Summary of Available Evidence Regarding Carriage, Clinical Burden of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections and On-Field Effectiveness of PCV13 Vaccination
Streptococcus pneumoniae is currently the leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in adults, elderly and high-risk subjects worldwide. The clear benefits of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination in childhood have been accompanied by a decrease o...
Main Authors: | , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2016-07-01
|
Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/17/7/1140 |
id |
doaj-2847598a0393410c8b809d00045537b0 |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-2847598a0393410c8b809d00045537b02020-11-24T23:58:46ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1422-00672016-07-01177114010.3390/ijms17071140ijms17071140Pneumococcus and the Elderly in Italy: A Summary of Available Evidence Regarding Carriage, Clinical Burden of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections and On-Field Effectiveness of PCV13 VaccinationAndrea Orsi0Filippo Ansaldi1Cecilia Trucchi2Roberto Rosselli3Giancarlo Icardi4Department of Health Sciences (DiSSal), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, ItalyDepartment of Health Sciences (DiSSal), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, ItalyDepartment of Health Sciences (DiSSal), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, ItalyASL3 Genovese, 16132 Genoa, ItalyDepartment of Health Sciences (DiSSal), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, ItalyStreptococcus pneumoniae is currently the leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in adults, elderly and high-risk subjects worldwide. The clear benefits of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination in childhood have been accompanied by a decrease of vaccine-serotype invasive diseases among adults in several countries, mainly due to the herd effect mediated by the reduction of vaccine-serotype nasopharyngeal colonization in both age groups, but this reduction in the incidence of pneumonia has not been observed. The “Community Acquired Pneumonia Immunization Trial in Adults” (CAPITA) study provided conclusive evidence about 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) efficacy in preventing CAP in adults and led Western countries to issue new recommendations for pneumococcal immunization targeting subjects >50 years and high-risk groups, with marked differences with respect to age and/or risk groups immunized, eligibility for reimbursement and national, regional or local implementation. Several Italian regions implemented PCV13 immunization programs in adults and interesting data have been come available in the last years, especially from Liguria, a Northern region with a high and long-lasting pneumococcal vaccine immunological pressure in infants. In this review, currently available evidence from Italy and Liguria regarding pneumococcal carriage, burden of CAP and LRTI, and on-field effectiveness of PCV13 immunization in adults and elderly will be summarized.http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/17/7/1140Streptococcus pneumoniaepneumococcal conjugate vaccinesPCV13elderlypharyngeal carriageCAPLRTIeffectiveness |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Andrea Orsi Filippo Ansaldi Cecilia Trucchi Roberto Rosselli Giancarlo Icardi |
spellingShingle |
Andrea Orsi Filippo Ansaldi Cecilia Trucchi Roberto Rosselli Giancarlo Icardi Pneumococcus and the Elderly in Italy: A Summary of Available Evidence Regarding Carriage, Clinical Burden of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections and On-Field Effectiveness of PCV13 Vaccination International Journal of Molecular Sciences Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumococcal conjugate vaccines PCV13 elderly pharyngeal carriage CAP LRTI effectiveness |
author_facet |
Andrea Orsi Filippo Ansaldi Cecilia Trucchi Roberto Rosselli Giancarlo Icardi |
author_sort |
Andrea Orsi |
title |
Pneumococcus and the Elderly in Italy: A Summary of Available Evidence Regarding Carriage, Clinical Burden of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections and On-Field Effectiveness of PCV13 Vaccination |
title_short |
Pneumococcus and the Elderly in Italy: A Summary of Available Evidence Regarding Carriage, Clinical Burden of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections and On-Field Effectiveness of PCV13 Vaccination |
title_full |
Pneumococcus and the Elderly in Italy: A Summary of Available Evidence Regarding Carriage, Clinical Burden of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections and On-Field Effectiveness of PCV13 Vaccination |
title_fullStr |
Pneumococcus and the Elderly in Italy: A Summary of Available Evidence Regarding Carriage, Clinical Burden of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections and On-Field Effectiveness of PCV13 Vaccination |
title_full_unstemmed |
Pneumococcus and the Elderly in Italy: A Summary of Available Evidence Regarding Carriage, Clinical Burden of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections and On-Field Effectiveness of PCV13 Vaccination |
title_sort |
pneumococcus and the elderly in italy: a summary of available evidence regarding carriage, clinical burden of lower respiratory tract infections and on-field effectiveness of pcv13 vaccination |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
issn |
1422-0067 |
publishDate |
2016-07-01 |
description |
Streptococcus pneumoniae is currently the leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in adults, elderly and high-risk subjects worldwide. The clear benefits of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination in childhood have been accompanied by a decrease of vaccine-serotype invasive diseases among adults in several countries, mainly due to the herd effect mediated by the reduction of vaccine-serotype nasopharyngeal colonization in both age groups, but this reduction in the incidence of pneumonia has not been observed. The “Community Acquired Pneumonia Immunization Trial in Adults” (CAPITA) study provided conclusive evidence about 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) efficacy in preventing CAP in adults and led Western countries to issue new recommendations for pneumococcal immunization targeting subjects >50 years and high-risk groups, with marked differences with respect to age and/or risk groups immunized, eligibility for reimbursement and national, regional or local implementation. Several Italian regions implemented PCV13 immunization programs in adults and interesting data have been come available in the last years, especially from Liguria, a Northern region with a high and long-lasting pneumococcal vaccine immunological pressure in infants. In this review, currently available evidence from Italy and Liguria regarding pneumococcal carriage, burden of CAP and LRTI, and on-field effectiveness of PCV13 immunization in adults and elderly will be summarized. |
topic |
Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumococcal conjugate vaccines PCV13 elderly pharyngeal carriage CAP LRTI effectiveness |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/17/7/1140 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT andreaorsi pneumococcusandtheelderlyinitalyasummaryofavailableevidenceregardingcarriageclinicalburdenoflowerrespiratorytractinfectionsandonfieldeffectivenessofpcv13vaccination AT filippoansaldi pneumococcusandtheelderlyinitalyasummaryofavailableevidenceregardingcarriageclinicalburdenoflowerrespiratorytractinfectionsandonfieldeffectivenessofpcv13vaccination AT ceciliatrucchi pneumococcusandtheelderlyinitalyasummaryofavailableevidenceregardingcarriageclinicalburdenoflowerrespiratorytractinfectionsandonfieldeffectivenessofpcv13vaccination AT robertorosselli pneumococcusandtheelderlyinitalyasummaryofavailableevidenceregardingcarriageclinicalburdenoflowerrespiratorytractinfectionsandonfieldeffectivenessofpcv13vaccination AT giancarloicardi pneumococcusandtheelderlyinitalyasummaryofavailableevidenceregardingcarriageclinicalburdenoflowerrespiratorytractinfectionsandonfieldeffectivenessofpcv13vaccination |
_version_ |
1725449861760811008 |