Environmental Risk Assessment Resulting from Sediment Contamination with Perfluoroalkyl Substances
Due to wide use of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) (e.g., in metal-plating, in fire-fighting foam, lubricants) and their resistance to degradation, they occur widely in the environment. The aim of this study was to estimate the environmental risk resulting from the presence of PFASs in the Gulf of...
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doaj-285e97d3f56b407e8706fb11b3a5b9d32020-12-30T00:02:55ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492021-12-012611611610.3390/molecules26010116Environmental Risk Assessment Resulting from Sediment Contamination with Perfluoroalkyl SubstancesGrażyna Gałęzowska0Justyna Rogowska1Ewa Olkowska2Wojciech Ratajczyk3Lidia Wolska4Department of Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, Debowa Str. 23A, 80-204 Gdansk, PolandDepartment of Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, Debowa Str. 23A, 80-204 Gdansk, PolandDepartment of Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, Debowa Str. 23A, 80-204 Gdansk, PolandDepartment of Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, Debowa Str. 23A, 80-204 Gdansk, PolandDepartment of Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, Debowa Str. 23A, 80-204 Gdansk, PolandDue to wide use of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) (e.g., in metal-plating, in fire-fighting foam, lubricants) and their resistance to degradation, they occur widely in the environment. The aim of this study was to estimate the environmental risk resulting from the presence of PFASs in the Gulf of Gdansk. Therefore, 17 PFASs concentrations were determined using ultra performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry detection (UPLC-MS/MS). Additionally, sediment ecotoxicity was investigated. The results of the chemical analysis were used to asses environmental risk of PFASs. In samples collected around discharge collectors from a wastewater treatment plant and the Vistula mouth, Σ17PFASs values were 0.00403 ÷ 40.6 and 0.509 ÷ 614 ng/g d.w., respectively. In samples collected around discharge collectors, PFHxA, PFPeA, PFHpA, and PFOA were dominating, while at the Vistula River mouth, PFHxS, PFDS, and PFBS were prevalent. For most sediments, no toxic effect was observed in the toxicity tests with <i>Heterocypris inconguens</i> and <i>Aliivibrio ficsheri</i>. There was no observed correlation between the PFASs level and their ecotoxicity. Generally, the results of environmental risk assessment indicate that the PFASs would not generate high impact on the aquatic life (five water samples have shown medium risk related to PFBS and PFDoA).https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/1/116perfluorinated compoundsPFASssedimentsenvironmental risk assessmentliquid chromatography |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Grażyna Gałęzowska Justyna Rogowska Ewa Olkowska Wojciech Ratajczyk Lidia Wolska |
spellingShingle |
Grażyna Gałęzowska Justyna Rogowska Ewa Olkowska Wojciech Ratajczyk Lidia Wolska Environmental Risk Assessment Resulting from Sediment Contamination with Perfluoroalkyl Substances Molecules perfluorinated compounds PFASs sediments environmental risk assessment liquid chromatography |
author_facet |
Grażyna Gałęzowska Justyna Rogowska Ewa Olkowska Wojciech Ratajczyk Lidia Wolska |
author_sort |
Grażyna Gałęzowska |
title |
Environmental Risk Assessment Resulting from Sediment Contamination with Perfluoroalkyl Substances |
title_short |
Environmental Risk Assessment Resulting from Sediment Contamination with Perfluoroalkyl Substances |
title_full |
Environmental Risk Assessment Resulting from Sediment Contamination with Perfluoroalkyl Substances |
title_fullStr |
Environmental Risk Assessment Resulting from Sediment Contamination with Perfluoroalkyl Substances |
title_full_unstemmed |
Environmental Risk Assessment Resulting from Sediment Contamination with Perfluoroalkyl Substances |
title_sort |
environmental risk assessment resulting from sediment contamination with perfluoroalkyl substances |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Molecules |
issn |
1420-3049 |
publishDate |
2021-12-01 |
description |
Due to wide use of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) (e.g., in metal-plating, in fire-fighting foam, lubricants) and their resistance to degradation, they occur widely in the environment. The aim of this study was to estimate the environmental risk resulting from the presence of PFASs in the Gulf of Gdansk. Therefore, 17 PFASs concentrations were determined using ultra performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry detection (UPLC-MS/MS). Additionally, sediment ecotoxicity was investigated. The results of the chemical analysis were used to asses environmental risk of PFASs. In samples collected around discharge collectors from a wastewater treatment plant and the Vistula mouth, Σ17PFASs values were 0.00403 ÷ 40.6 and 0.509 ÷ 614 ng/g d.w., respectively. In samples collected around discharge collectors, PFHxA, PFPeA, PFHpA, and PFOA were dominating, while at the Vistula River mouth, PFHxS, PFDS, and PFBS were prevalent. For most sediments, no toxic effect was observed in the toxicity tests with <i>Heterocypris inconguens</i> and <i>Aliivibrio ficsheri</i>. There was no observed correlation between the PFASs level and their ecotoxicity. Generally, the results of environmental risk assessment indicate that the PFASs would not generate high impact on the aquatic life (five water samples have shown medium risk related to PFBS and PFDoA). |
topic |
perfluorinated compounds PFASs sediments environmental risk assessment liquid chromatography |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/1/116 |
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