Propulsive efficiency of frog swimming with different feet and swimming patterns
Aquatic and terrestrial animals have different swimming performances and mechanical efficiencies based on their different swimming methods. To explore propulsion in swimming frogs, this study calculated mechanical efficiencies based on data describing aquatic and terrestrial webbed-foot shapes and s...
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doaj-2891929f0384472c8bae506c31297d982021-06-02T18:57:21ZengThe Company of BiologistsBiology Open2046-63902017-04-016450351010.1242/bio.022913022913Propulsive efficiency of frog swimming with different feet and swimming patternsFan Jizhuang0Zhang Wei1Yuan Bowen2Liu Gangfeng3 State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China Aquatic and terrestrial animals have different swimming performances and mechanical efficiencies based on their different swimming methods. To explore propulsion in swimming frogs, this study calculated mechanical efficiencies based on data describing aquatic and terrestrial webbed-foot shapes and swimming patterns. First, a simplified frog model and dynamic equation were established, and hydrodynamic forces on the foot were computed according to computational fluid dynamic calculations. Then, a two-link mechanism was used to stand in for the diverse and complicated hind legs found in different frog species, in order to simplify the input work calculation. Joint torques were derived based on the virtual work principle to compute the efficiency of foot propulsion. Finally, two feet and swimming patterns were combined to compute propulsive efficiency. The aquatic frog demonstrated a propulsive efficiency (43.11%) between those of drag-based and lift-based propulsions, while the terrestrial frog efficiency (29.58%) fell within the range of drag-based propulsion. The results illustrate the main factor of swimming patterns for swimming performance and efficiency.http://bio.biologists.org/content/6/4/503FrogSwimming patternsFoot shapesHydrodynamicsPropulsive efficiency |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Fan Jizhuang Zhang Wei Yuan Bowen Liu Gangfeng |
spellingShingle |
Fan Jizhuang Zhang Wei Yuan Bowen Liu Gangfeng Propulsive efficiency of frog swimming with different feet and swimming patterns Biology Open Frog Swimming patterns Foot shapes Hydrodynamics Propulsive efficiency |
author_facet |
Fan Jizhuang Zhang Wei Yuan Bowen Liu Gangfeng |
author_sort |
Fan Jizhuang |
title |
Propulsive efficiency of frog swimming with different feet and swimming patterns |
title_short |
Propulsive efficiency of frog swimming with different feet and swimming patterns |
title_full |
Propulsive efficiency of frog swimming with different feet and swimming patterns |
title_fullStr |
Propulsive efficiency of frog swimming with different feet and swimming patterns |
title_full_unstemmed |
Propulsive efficiency of frog swimming with different feet and swimming patterns |
title_sort |
propulsive efficiency of frog swimming with different feet and swimming patterns |
publisher |
The Company of Biologists |
series |
Biology Open |
issn |
2046-6390 |
publishDate |
2017-04-01 |
description |
Aquatic and terrestrial animals have different swimming performances and mechanical efficiencies based on their different swimming methods. To explore propulsion in swimming frogs, this study calculated mechanical efficiencies based on data describing aquatic and terrestrial webbed-foot shapes and swimming patterns. First, a simplified frog model and dynamic equation were established, and hydrodynamic forces on the foot were computed according to computational fluid dynamic calculations. Then, a two-link mechanism was used to stand in for the diverse and complicated hind legs found in different frog species, in order to simplify the input work calculation. Joint torques were derived based on the virtual work principle to compute the efficiency of foot propulsion. Finally, two feet and swimming patterns were combined to compute propulsive efficiency. The aquatic frog demonstrated a propulsive efficiency (43.11%) between those of drag-based and lift-based propulsions, while the terrestrial frog efficiency (29.58%) fell within the range of drag-based propulsion. The results illustrate the main factor of swimming patterns for swimming performance and efficiency. |
topic |
Frog Swimming patterns Foot shapes Hydrodynamics Propulsive efficiency |
url |
http://bio.biologists.org/content/6/4/503 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT fanjizhuang propulsiveefficiencyoffrogswimmingwithdifferentfeetandswimmingpatterns AT zhangwei propulsiveefficiencyoffrogswimmingwithdifferentfeetandswimmingpatterns AT yuanbowen propulsiveefficiencyoffrogswimmingwithdifferentfeetandswimmingpatterns AT liugangfeng propulsiveefficiencyoffrogswimmingwithdifferentfeetandswimmingpatterns |
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1721401926792249344 |