Association between Micronutrients (Vitamin A, D, Iron) and Schistosome-Specific Cytokine Responses in Zimbabweans Exposed to Schistosoma haematobium
Micronutrients play an important role in the development of effective immune responses. This study characterised a populations exposed to schistosome infections in terms of the relationship between micronutrients and immune responses. Levels of retinol binding protein (RBP; vitamin A marker), vitami...
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doaj-28a0a8a33917495ab323df0590ad14d42020-11-24T21:39:49ZengHindawi LimitedJournal of Parasitology Research2090-00232090-00312012-01-01201210.1155/2012/128628128628Association between Micronutrients (Vitamin A, D, Iron) and Schistosome-Specific Cytokine Responses in Zimbabweans Exposed to Schistosoma haematobiumLiam Reilly0Norman Nausch1Nicholas Midzi2Takafira Mduluza3Francisca Mutapi4Ashworth Laboratories, Institute for Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UKAshworth Laboratories, Institute for Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UKSchistosomiasis Section, National Institute of Health Research, Box CY 570, Causeway, Harare, ZimbabweBiochemistry Department, University of Zimbabwe, P.O. Box MP 167, Mount Pleasant, Harare, ZimbabweAshworth Laboratories, Institute for Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UKMicronutrients play an important role in the development of effective immune responses. This study characterised a populations exposed to schistosome infections in terms of the relationship between micronutrients and immune responses. Levels of retinol binding protein (RBP; vitamin A marker), vitamin D, ferritin and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), and C reactive protein (CRP) were related to levels of schistosome specific cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-4/5/10) in 40 Zimbabweans (7–54 years) exposed to Schistosoma haematobium infection. 67.2% of the participants were deficient in vitamin D. RBP levels were within normal ranges but declined with age. The two indicators of iron levels suggested that although levels of stored iron were within normal levels (normal ferritin levels), levels of functional iron (sTfR levels) were reduced in 28.6% of the population. Schistosome infection alone was not associated with levels of any of the micronutrients, but altered the relationship between parasite-specific IL-4 and IL-5 and levels of ferritin and sTfR.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/128628 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Liam Reilly Norman Nausch Nicholas Midzi Takafira Mduluza Francisca Mutapi |
spellingShingle |
Liam Reilly Norman Nausch Nicholas Midzi Takafira Mduluza Francisca Mutapi Association between Micronutrients (Vitamin A, D, Iron) and Schistosome-Specific Cytokine Responses in Zimbabweans Exposed to Schistosoma haematobium Journal of Parasitology Research |
author_facet |
Liam Reilly Norman Nausch Nicholas Midzi Takafira Mduluza Francisca Mutapi |
author_sort |
Liam Reilly |
title |
Association between Micronutrients (Vitamin A, D, Iron) and Schistosome-Specific Cytokine Responses in Zimbabweans Exposed to Schistosoma haematobium |
title_short |
Association between Micronutrients (Vitamin A, D, Iron) and Schistosome-Specific Cytokine Responses in Zimbabweans Exposed to Schistosoma haematobium |
title_full |
Association between Micronutrients (Vitamin A, D, Iron) and Schistosome-Specific Cytokine Responses in Zimbabweans Exposed to Schistosoma haematobium |
title_fullStr |
Association between Micronutrients (Vitamin A, D, Iron) and Schistosome-Specific Cytokine Responses in Zimbabweans Exposed to Schistosoma haematobium |
title_full_unstemmed |
Association between Micronutrients (Vitamin A, D, Iron) and Schistosome-Specific Cytokine Responses in Zimbabweans Exposed to Schistosoma haematobium |
title_sort |
association between micronutrients (vitamin a, d, iron) and schistosome-specific cytokine responses in zimbabweans exposed to schistosoma haematobium |
publisher |
Hindawi Limited |
series |
Journal of Parasitology Research |
issn |
2090-0023 2090-0031 |
publishDate |
2012-01-01 |
description |
Micronutrients play an important role in the development of effective immune responses. This study characterised a populations exposed to schistosome infections in terms of the relationship between micronutrients and immune responses. Levels of retinol binding protein (RBP; vitamin A marker), vitamin D, ferritin and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), and C reactive protein (CRP) were related to levels of schistosome specific cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-4/5/10) in 40 Zimbabweans (7–54 years) exposed to Schistosoma haematobium infection. 67.2% of the participants were deficient in vitamin D. RBP levels were within normal ranges but declined with age. The two indicators of iron levels suggested that although levels of stored iron were within normal levels (normal ferritin levels), levels of functional iron (sTfR levels) were reduced in 28.6% of the population. Schistosome infection alone was not associated with levels of any of the micronutrients, but altered the relationship between parasite-specific IL-4 and IL-5 and levels of ferritin and sTfR. |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/128628 |
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