Evaluating Genotypes and Seed Treatments to Increase Field Emergence of Low Phytic Acid Soybeans
Low phytic acid (LPA) soybean [<i>Glycine max</i> (L.) Merr] genotypes reduce indigestible PA in soybean seeds in order to improve feeding efficiency of mono- and agastric animals, but often exhibit low field emergence, resulting in reduced yield. In this study, four LPA soybean varietie...
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doaj-2901b250d42645a8ac3f93e299ff22712021-04-02T17:59:16ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722020-10-011051651610.3390/agriculture10110516Evaluating Genotypes and Seed Treatments to Increase Field Emergence of Low Phytic Acid SoybeansBenjamin J. Averitt0Gregory E. Welbaum1Xiaoying Li2Elizabeth Prenger3Jun Qin4Bo Zhang5Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USASchool of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USASchool of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USADepartment of Plant Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USAHebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, ChinaSchool of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USALow phytic acid (LPA) soybean [<i>Glycine max</i> (L.) Merr] genotypes reduce indigestible PA in soybean seeds in order to improve feeding efficiency of mono- and agastric animals, but often exhibit low field emergence, resulting in reduced yield. In this study, four LPA soybean varieties with two different genetic backgrounds were studied to assess their emergence and yield characters under 12 seed treatment combinations including two broad-spectrum, preplant fungicides (i.e., ApronMaxx (mefenoxam: (R,S)-2-[(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-methoxyacetylamino]-propionic acid methyl ester; fludioxonil: 4-(2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile) and Rancona Summit (ipconazole: 2-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]-5-(1-methylethyl)-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl) cyclopentanol; metalaxyl: N-(methooxyacetyl)-N-(2,6-xylyl)-DL-alaninate)), osmotic priming, and MicroCel-E coating. Two normal-PA (NPA) varieties served as controls. Both irrigated and non-irrigated plots were planted in Blacksburg and Orange, Virginia, USA in 2014 and 2015. Results revealed that three seed treatments (fungicides Rancona Summit and ApronMaxx, as well as Priming + Rancona) significantly improved field emergence by 6.4–11.6% across all genotypes, compared with untreated seeds. Seed priming was negatively associated with emergence across LPA genotypes. Seed treatments did not increase the yield of any genotype. LPA genotypes containing <i>mips</i> or <i>lpa1</i>/<i>lpa2</i> mutations, produced satisfactory emergence similar to NPA under certain soil and environmental conditions due to the interaction of genotype and environment. Effective seed treatments applied to LPA soybeans along with the successful development of LPA germplasm by soybean breeding programs, will increase use of LPA varieties by commercial soybean growers, ultimately improving animal nutrition while easing environmental impact.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/10/11/516field emergencelow phytic acidseed treatmentsoybean |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Benjamin J. Averitt Gregory E. Welbaum Xiaoying Li Elizabeth Prenger Jun Qin Bo Zhang |
spellingShingle |
Benjamin J. Averitt Gregory E. Welbaum Xiaoying Li Elizabeth Prenger Jun Qin Bo Zhang Evaluating Genotypes and Seed Treatments to Increase Field Emergence of Low Phytic Acid Soybeans Agriculture field emergence low phytic acid seed treatment soybean |
author_facet |
Benjamin J. Averitt Gregory E. Welbaum Xiaoying Li Elizabeth Prenger Jun Qin Bo Zhang |
author_sort |
Benjamin J. Averitt |
title |
Evaluating Genotypes and Seed Treatments to Increase Field Emergence of Low Phytic Acid Soybeans |
title_short |
Evaluating Genotypes and Seed Treatments to Increase Field Emergence of Low Phytic Acid Soybeans |
title_full |
Evaluating Genotypes and Seed Treatments to Increase Field Emergence of Low Phytic Acid Soybeans |
title_fullStr |
Evaluating Genotypes and Seed Treatments to Increase Field Emergence of Low Phytic Acid Soybeans |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evaluating Genotypes and Seed Treatments to Increase Field Emergence of Low Phytic Acid Soybeans |
title_sort |
evaluating genotypes and seed treatments to increase field emergence of low phytic acid soybeans |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Agriculture |
issn |
2077-0472 |
publishDate |
2020-10-01 |
description |
Low phytic acid (LPA) soybean [<i>Glycine max</i> (L.) Merr] genotypes reduce indigestible PA in soybean seeds in order to improve feeding efficiency of mono- and agastric animals, but often exhibit low field emergence, resulting in reduced yield. In this study, four LPA soybean varieties with two different genetic backgrounds were studied to assess their emergence and yield characters under 12 seed treatment combinations including two broad-spectrum, preplant fungicides (i.e., ApronMaxx (mefenoxam: (R,S)-2-[(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-methoxyacetylamino]-propionic acid methyl ester; fludioxonil: 4-(2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile) and Rancona Summit (ipconazole: 2-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]-5-(1-methylethyl)-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl) cyclopentanol; metalaxyl: N-(methooxyacetyl)-N-(2,6-xylyl)-DL-alaninate)), osmotic priming, and MicroCel-E coating. Two normal-PA (NPA) varieties served as controls. Both irrigated and non-irrigated plots were planted in Blacksburg and Orange, Virginia, USA in 2014 and 2015. Results revealed that three seed treatments (fungicides Rancona Summit and ApronMaxx, as well as Priming + Rancona) significantly improved field emergence by 6.4–11.6% across all genotypes, compared with untreated seeds. Seed priming was negatively associated with emergence across LPA genotypes. Seed treatments did not increase the yield of any genotype. LPA genotypes containing <i>mips</i> or <i>lpa1</i>/<i>lpa2</i> mutations, produced satisfactory emergence similar to NPA under certain soil and environmental conditions due to the interaction of genotype and environment. Effective seed treatments applied to LPA soybeans along with the successful development of LPA germplasm by soybean breeding programs, will increase use of LPA varieties by commercial soybean growers, ultimately improving animal nutrition while easing environmental impact. |
topic |
field emergence low phytic acid seed treatment soybean |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/10/11/516 |
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