ABC efflux transporters at blood-central nervous system barriers and their implications for treating spinal cord disorders
The barriers present in the interfaces between the blood and the central nervous system form a major hurdle for the pharmacological treatment of central nervous system injuries and diseases. The family of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters has been widely studied regarding efflux of medications...
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2020-01-01
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doaj-2933a449d73f45feac46c27127b1ae8a2020-11-25T03:06:06ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsNeural Regeneration Research1673-53742020-01-011571235124210.4103/1673-5374.272568ABC efflux transporters at blood-central nervous system barriers and their implications for treating spinal cord disordersLiam M KoehnThe barriers present in the interfaces between the blood and the central nervous system form a major hurdle for the pharmacological treatment of central nervous system injuries and diseases. The family of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters has been widely studied regarding efflux of medications at blood-central nervous system barriers. These efflux transporters include P-glycoprotein (abcb1), ‘breast cancer resistance protein’ (abcg2) and the various ‘multidrug resistance-associated proteins’ (abccs). Understanding which efflux transporters are present at the blood-spinal cord, blood-cerebrospinal fluid and cerebrospinal fluid-spinal cord barriers is necessary to determine their involvement in limiting drug transfer from blood to the spinal cord tissue. Recent developments in the blood-brain barrier field have shown that barrier systems are dynamic and the profile of barrier defenses can alter due to conditions such as age, disease and environmental challenge. This means that a true understanding of ABC efflux transporter expression and localization should not be one static value but instead a range that represents the complex patient subpopulations that exist. In the present review, the blood-central nervous system barrier literature is discussed with a focus on the impact of ABC efflux transporters on: (i) protecting the spinal cord from adverse effects of systemically directed drugs, and (ii) limiting centrally directed drugs from accessing their active sites within the spinal cord.http://www.nrronline.org/article.asp?issn=1673-5374;year=2020;volume=15;issue=7;spage=1235;epage=1242;aulast=Koehnabc transporters; atp-binding cassette; bcrp; blood-brain barrier; blood-spinal cord barrier; efflux; mrp; p-glycoprotein; pgp; spinal cord injury |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Liam M Koehn |
spellingShingle |
Liam M Koehn ABC efflux transporters at blood-central nervous system barriers and their implications for treating spinal cord disorders Neural Regeneration Research abc transporters; atp-binding cassette; bcrp; blood-brain barrier; blood-spinal cord barrier; efflux; mrp; p-glycoprotein; pgp; spinal cord injury |
author_facet |
Liam M Koehn |
author_sort |
Liam M Koehn |
title |
ABC efflux transporters at blood-central nervous system barriers and their implications for treating spinal cord disorders |
title_short |
ABC efflux transporters at blood-central nervous system barriers and their implications for treating spinal cord disorders |
title_full |
ABC efflux transporters at blood-central nervous system barriers and their implications for treating spinal cord disorders |
title_fullStr |
ABC efflux transporters at blood-central nervous system barriers and their implications for treating spinal cord disorders |
title_full_unstemmed |
ABC efflux transporters at blood-central nervous system barriers and their implications for treating spinal cord disorders |
title_sort |
abc efflux transporters at blood-central nervous system barriers and their implications for treating spinal cord disorders |
publisher |
Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
series |
Neural Regeneration Research |
issn |
1673-5374 |
publishDate |
2020-01-01 |
description |
The barriers present in the interfaces between the blood and the central nervous system form a major hurdle for the pharmacological treatment of central nervous system injuries and diseases. The family of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters has been widely studied regarding efflux of medications at blood-central nervous system barriers. These efflux transporters include P-glycoprotein (abcb1), ‘breast cancer resistance protein’ (abcg2) and the various ‘multidrug resistance-associated proteins’ (abccs). Understanding which efflux transporters are present at the blood-spinal cord, blood-cerebrospinal fluid and cerebrospinal fluid-spinal cord barriers is necessary to determine their involvement in limiting drug transfer from blood to the spinal cord tissue. Recent developments in the blood-brain barrier field have shown that barrier systems are dynamic and the profile of barrier defenses can alter due to conditions such as age, disease and environmental challenge. This means that a true understanding of ABC efflux transporter expression and localization should not be one static value but instead a range that represents the complex patient subpopulations that exist. In the present review, the blood-central nervous system barrier literature is discussed with a focus on the impact of ABC efflux transporters on: (i) protecting the spinal cord from adverse effects of systemically directed drugs, and (ii) limiting centrally directed drugs from accessing their active sites within the spinal cord. |
topic |
abc transporters; atp-binding cassette; bcrp; blood-brain barrier; blood-spinal cord barrier; efflux; mrp; p-glycoprotein; pgp; spinal cord injury |
url |
http://www.nrronline.org/article.asp?issn=1673-5374;year=2020;volume=15;issue=7;spage=1235;epage=1242;aulast=Koehn |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT liammkoehn abceffluxtransportersatbloodcentralnervoussystembarriersandtheirimplicationsfortreatingspinalcorddisorders |
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