HIV prevention and HIV care among transgender and gender diverse youth: design and implementation of a multisite mixed-methods study protocol in the U.S.
Abstract Background In the U.S., transgender and gender diverse (TGD) populations face structural, interpersonal, and individual barriers to healthcare. Less is known, however, about the HIV prevention and treatment experiences of TGD youth in the U.S. The current study was developed to fill this re...
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doaj-294a370c1d9c4dba8c1229019648fb732020-11-25T04:09:54ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582019-11-0119111510.1186/s12889-019-7605-4HIV prevention and HIV care among transgender and gender diverse youth: design and implementation of a multisite mixed-methods study protocol in the U.S.Laura Jadwin-Cakmak0Sari L. Reisner1Jaclyn M. W. Hughto2Liz Salomon3Miguel Martinez4Elliot Popoff5Bré Anne Rivera6Gary W. Harper7Department of Health Behavior & Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public HealthPediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolThe Fenway Institute, Fenway HealthDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthChildren’s Hospital Los Angeles, Center for Transyouth Health and DevelopmentDepartment of Health Behavior & Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public HealthTrans Sistas of Color ProjectDepartment of Health Behavior & Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public HealthAbstract Background In the U.S., transgender and gender diverse (TGD) populations face structural, interpersonal, and individual barriers to healthcare. Less is known, however, about the HIV prevention and treatment experiences of TGD youth in the U.S. The current study was developed to fill this research gap. Methods This article describes the research protocol for a multi-site, U.S.-based mixed-methods study that sought to identify the multi-level facilitators and barriers that influence participation of TGD youth in various stages of the HIV prevention (e.g., pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake) and care continua. A sample of diverse TGD youth ages 16–24 was recruited from 14 U.S. sites. TGD youth participants completed a one-time, in-person visit that included an informed consent process, computer-based quantitative survey, and in-depth qualitative interview assessing experiences accessing HIV prevention and/or care services. Providers serving TGD youth were recruited from the same 14 sites and completed a one-time visit via phone that included informed consent, demographic questionnaire, and in-depth qualitative interview assessing their experiences providing HIV prevention or treatment services to TGD youth. Results Overall, 186 TGD youth ages 16–24 and 59 providers serving TGD youth were recruited and enrolled from across the 14 U.S. sites. TGD youth participants had a mean age of 20.69; 77.3% youth of color; 59.7% trans-feminine; 15.5% trans-masculine; 24.9% non-binary; 53.6% family income under poverty level. Providers included medical and mental health providers as well as case manager/care coordinators, HIV test counselors, and health educators/outreach workers. Providers were 81.3% cisgender and 30.5% people of color. Successes with community-engagement strategies and gender-affirming research methods are reported. Conclusions This study addresses critical gaps in current knowledge about the HIV prevention and care experiences of TGD youth. Findings have implications for the development of HIV interventions across levels to support the health and well-being of TGD youth. Future research is warranted to replicate and expand on lessons learned regarding recruitment and engagement of communities of TGD youth, including longitudinal designs to assess engagement across their developmental stages. Lessons learned working with TGD youth through developing and implementing the study protocol are shared. Trial registration Registered on ClinicalTrials.gov on 05/20/2015 (NCT02449629).http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-019-7605-4TransgenderHIV preventionHIV care continuumAdolescentYoung adultMixed methods |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Laura Jadwin-Cakmak Sari L. Reisner Jaclyn M. W. Hughto Liz Salomon Miguel Martinez Elliot Popoff Bré Anne Rivera Gary W. Harper |
spellingShingle |
Laura Jadwin-Cakmak Sari L. Reisner Jaclyn M. W. Hughto Liz Salomon Miguel Martinez Elliot Popoff Bré Anne Rivera Gary W. Harper HIV prevention and HIV care among transgender and gender diverse youth: design and implementation of a multisite mixed-methods study protocol in the U.S. BMC Public Health Transgender HIV prevention HIV care continuum Adolescent Young adult Mixed methods |
author_facet |
Laura Jadwin-Cakmak Sari L. Reisner Jaclyn M. W. Hughto Liz Salomon Miguel Martinez Elliot Popoff Bré Anne Rivera Gary W. Harper |
author_sort |
Laura Jadwin-Cakmak |
title |
HIV prevention and HIV care among transgender and gender diverse youth: design and implementation of a multisite mixed-methods study protocol in the U.S. |
title_short |
HIV prevention and HIV care among transgender and gender diverse youth: design and implementation of a multisite mixed-methods study protocol in the U.S. |
title_full |
HIV prevention and HIV care among transgender and gender diverse youth: design and implementation of a multisite mixed-methods study protocol in the U.S. |
title_fullStr |
HIV prevention and HIV care among transgender and gender diverse youth: design and implementation of a multisite mixed-methods study protocol in the U.S. |
title_full_unstemmed |
HIV prevention and HIV care among transgender and gender diverse youth: design and implementation of a multisite mixed-methods study protocol in the U.S. |
title_sort |
hiv prevention and hiv care among transgender and gender diverse youth: design and implementation of a multisite mixed-methods study protocol in the u.s. |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
BMC Public Health |
issn |
1471-2458 |
publishDate |
2019-11-01 |
description |
Abstract Background In the U.S., transgender and gender diverse (TGD) populations face structural, interpersonal, and individual barriers to healthcare. Less is known, however, about the HIV prevention and treatment experiences of TGD youth in the U.S. The current study was developed to fill this research gap. Methods This article describes the research protocol for a multi-site, U.S.-based mixed-methods study that sought to identify the multi-level facilitators and barriers that influence participation of TGD youth in various stages of the HIV prevention (e.g., pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake) and care continua. A sample of diverse TGD youth ages 16–24 was recruited from 14 U.S. sites. TGD youth participants completed a one-time, in-person visit that included an informed consent process, computer-based quantitative survey, and in-depth qualitative interview assessing experiences accessing HIV prevention and/or care services. Providers serving TGD youth were recruited from the same 14 sites and completed a one-time visit via phone that included informed consent, demographic questionnaire, and in-depth qualitative interview assessing their experiences providing HIV prevention or treatment services to TGD youth. Results Overall, 186 TGD youth ages 16–24 and 59 providers serving TGD youth were recruited and enrolled from across the 14 U.S. sites. TGD youth participants had a mean age of 20.69; 77.3% youth of color; 59.7% trans-feminine; 15.5% trans-masculine; 24.9% non-binary; 53.6% family income under poverty level. Providers included medical and mental health providers as well as case manager/care coordinators, HIV test counselors, and health educators/outreach workers. Providers were 81.3% cisgender and 30.5% people of color. Successes with community-engagement strategies and gender-affirming research methods are reported. Conclusions This study addresses critical gaps in current knowledge about the HIV prevention and care experiences of TGD youth. Findings have implications for the development of HIV interventions across levels to support the health and well-being of TGD youth. Future research is warranted to replicate and expand on lessons learned regarding recruitment and engagement of communities of TGD youth, including longitudinal designs to assess engagement across their developmental stages. Lessons learned working with TGD youth through developing and implementing the study protocol are shared. Trial registration Registered on ClinicalTrials.gov on 05/20/2015 (NCT02449629). |
topic |
Transgender HIV prevention HIV care continuum Adolescent Young adult Mixed methods |
url |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-019-7605-4 |
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