Saponins of sea cucumber attenuate atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− mice via lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory properties
Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease linked to elevated blood cholesterol levels. Despite ongoing advances in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide. The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the sa...
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doaj-2956df2c9e6e4e92a50a7ff9a71c3ca72021-04-30T07:14:24ZengElsevierJournal of Functional Foods1756-46462018-09-0148490497Saponins of sea cucumber attenuate atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− mice via lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory propertiesLin Ding0Tian-Tian Zhang1Hong-Xia Che2Ling-Yu Zhang3Chang-Hu Xue4Yao-Guang Chang5Yu-Ming Wang6College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No.5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, PR ChinaCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No.5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, PR ChinaCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No.5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, PR ChinaCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No.5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, PR ChinaCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No.5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, PR China; Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Laboratory of Marine Drugs & Biological Products, Qingdao 266237, PR ChinaCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No.5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, PR China; Corresponding authors at: College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No.5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, PR China (Y.-M. Wang).College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No.5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, PR China; Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Laboratory of Marine Drugs & Biological Products, Qingdao 266237, PR China; Corresponding authors at: College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No.5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, PR China (Y.-M. Wang).Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease linked to elevated blood cholesterol levels. Despite ongoing advances in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide. The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the saponins of sea cucumber (SSC) on reversing atherosclerosis. Results showed that SSC treatment reduced serum lipid levels in a dose-dependent manner in rats fed with cholesterol-rich diet. Notably, 0.07% SSC treatment for 8 weeks significantly promoted plaque regression by 56.9% in ApoE−/− mice. Mechanistically, SSC significantly decreased serum total cholesterol (19.5%) and hepatic free cholesterol level (49.2%), by mediating mRNA and protein levels of genes related to hepatic cholesterol reserve transport. Moreover, dietary SSC dramatically inhibited inflammation by down-regulating the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in vascular and peritoneal macrophage. The obtained results indicated that SSC might serve as a novel functional ingredient with anti-atherosclerotic activity.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1756464618303815SaponinsSea cucumberAtherosclerosisLipid metabolismInflammatory |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Lin Ding Tian-Tian Zhang Hong-Xia Che Ling-Yu Zhang Chang-Hu Xue Yao-Guang Chang Yu-Ming Wang |
spellingShingle |
Lin Ding Tian-Tian Zhang Hong-Xia Che Ling-Yu Zhang Chang-Hu Xue Yao-Guang Chang Yu-Ming Wang Saponins of sea cucumber attenuate atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− mice via lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory properties Journal of Functional Foods Saponins Sea cucumber Atherosclerosis Lipid metabolism Inflammatory |
author_facet |
Lin Ding Tian-Tian Zhang Hong-Xia Che Ling-Yu Zhang Chang-Hu Xue Yao-Guang Chang Yu-Ming Wang |
author_sort |
Lin Ding |
title |
Saponins of sea cucumber attenuate atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− mice via lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory properties |
title_short |
Saponins of sea cucumber attenuate atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− mice via lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory properties |
title_full |
Saponins of sea cucumber attenuate atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− mice via lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory properties |
title_fullStr |
Saponins of sea cucumber attenuate atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− mice via lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory properties |
title_full_unstemmed |
Saponins of sea cucumber attenuate atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− mice via lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory properties |
title_sort |
saponins of sea cucumber attenuate atherosclerosis in apoe−/− mice via lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory properties |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Journal of Functional Foods |
issn |
1756-4646 |
publishDate |
2018-09-01 |
description |
Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease linked to elevated blood cholesterol levels. Despite ongoing advances in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide. The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the saponins of sea cucumber (SSC) on reversing atherosclerosis. Results showed that SSC treatment reduced serum lipid levels in a dose-dependent manner in rats fed with cholesterol-rich diet. Notably, 0.07% SSC treatment for 8 weeks significantly promoted plaque regression by 56.9% in ApoE−/− mice. Mechanistically, SSC significantly decreased serum total cholesterol (19.5%) and hepatic free cholesterol level (49.2%), by mediating mRNA and protein levels of genes related to hepatic cholesterol reserve transport. Moreover, dietary SSC dramatically inhibited inflammation by down-regulating the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in vascular and peritoneal macrophage. The obtained results indicated that SSC might serve as a novel functional ingredient with anti-atherosclerotic activity. |
topic |
Saponins Sea cucumber Atherosclerosis Lipid metabolism Inflammatory |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1756464618303815 |
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