High Concentrations of Polyelectrolyte Complex Nanoparticles Decrease Activity of Osteoclasts
Fracture treatment in osteoporotic patients is still challenging. Osteoporosis emerges when there is an imbalance between bone formation and resorption in favor of resorption by osteoclasts. Thus, new implant materials for osteoporotic fracture treatment should promote bone formation and reduce bone...
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doaj-2986367474294303a0d9ca870ce3cdf02020-11-25T01:13:36ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492019-06-012412234610.3390/molecules24122346molecules24122346High Concentrations of Polyelectrolyte Complex Nanoparticles Decrease Activity of OsteoclastsVivien Kauschke0Felix Maximilian Hessland1David Vehlow2Martin Müller3Christian Heiss4Katrin Susanne Lips5Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Aulweg 128, 35392 Giessen, GermanyExperimental Trauma Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Aulweg 128, 35392 Giessen, GermanyLeibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, GermanyLeibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, GermanyExperimental Trauma Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Aulweg 128, 35392 Giessen, GermanyExperimental Trauma Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Aulweg 128, 35392 Giessen, GermanyFracture treatment in osteoporotic patients is still challenging. Osteoporosis emerges when there is an imbalance between bone formation and resorption in favor of resorption by osteoclasts. Thus, new implant materials for osteoporotic fracture treatment should promote bone formation and reduce bone resorption. Nanoparticles can serve as drug delivery systems for growth factors like Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), which stimulated osteoblast differentiation. Therefore, polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles (PEC-NPs) consisting of poly(l-lysine) (PLL) and cellulose sulfate (CS), with or without addition of BDNF, were used to analyze their effect on osteoclasts in vitro. Live cell images showed that osteoclast numbers decreased after application of high PLL/CS PEC-NPs concentrations independent of whether BDNF was added or not. Real-time RT-PCR revealed that relative mRNA expression of cathepsin K and calcitonin receptor significantly declined after incubation of osteoclasts with high concentrations of PLL/CS PEC-NPs. Furthermore, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay indicated that tartrate-resistant acidic phosphatase 5b activity was significantly reduced in the presence of high PLL/CS PEC-NPs concentrations. Consistent with these results, the pit formation analysis showed that less hydroxyapatite was resorbed by osteoclasts after incubation with high concentrations of PLL/CS PEC-NPs. BDNF had no influence on osteoclasts. We conclude that highly concentrated PLL/CS PEC-NPs dosages decreased osteoclastogenesis and osteoclasts activity. Moreover, BDNF might be a promising growth factor for osteoporotic fracture treatment since it did not increase osteoclast activity.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/12/2346osteoclastspolyelectrolyte complex nanoparticlesBDNFdrug delivery systemcathepsin Kcalcitonin receptortartrate-resistant acidic phosphatase 5bpit formation |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Vivien Kauschke Felix Maximilian Hessland David Vehlow Martin Müller Christian Heiss Katrin Susanne Lips |
spellingShingle |
Vivien Kauschke Felix Maximilian Hessland David Vehlow Martin Müller Christian Heiss Katrin Susanne Lips High Concentrations of Polyelectrolyte Complex Nanoparticles Decrease Activity of Osteoclasts Molecules osteoclasts polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles BDNF drug delivery system cathepsin K calcitonin receptor tartrate-resistant acidic phosphatase 5b pit formation |
author_facet |
Vivien Kauschke Felix Maximilian Hessland David Vehlow Martin Müller Christian Heiss Katrin Susanne Lips |
author_sort |
Vivien Kauschke |
title |
High Concentrations of Polyelectrolyte Complex Nanoparticles Decrease Activity of Osteoclasts |
title_short |
High Concentrations of Polyelectrolyte Complex Nanoparticles Decrease Activity of Osteoclasts |
title_full |
High Concentrations of Polyelectrolyte Complex Nanoparticles Decrease Activity of Osteoclasts |
title_fullStr |
High Concentrations of Polyelectrolyte Complex Nanoparticles Decrease Activity of Osteoclasts |
title_full_unstemmed |
High Concentrations of Polyelectrolyte Complex Nanoparticles Decrease Activity of Osteoclasts |
title_sort |
high concentrations of polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles decrease activity of osteoclasts |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Molecules |
issn |
1420-3049 |
publishDate |
2019-06-01 |
description |
Fracture treatment in osteoporotic patients is still challenging. Osteoporosis emerges when there is an imbalance between bone formation and resorption in favor of resorption by osteoclasts. Thus, new implant materials for osteoporotic fracture treatment should promote bone formation and reduce bone resorption. Nanoparticles can serve as drug delivery systems for growth factors like Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), which stimulated osteoblast differentiation. Therefore, polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles (PEC-NPs) consisting of poly(l-lysine) (PLL) and cellulose sulfate (CS), with or without addition of BDNF, were used to analyze their effect on osteoclasts in vitro. Live cell images showed that osteoclast numbers decreased after application of high PLL/CS PEC-NPs concentrations independent of whether BDNF was added or not. Real-time RT-PCR revealed that relative mRNA expression of cathepsin K and calcitonin receptor significantly declined after incubation of osteoclasts with high concentrations of PLL/CS PEC-NPs. Furthermore, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay indicated that tartrate-resistant acidic phosphatase 5b activity was significantly reduced in the presence of high PLL/CS PEC-NPs concentrations. Consistent with these results, the pit formation analysis showed that less hydroxyapatite was resorbed by osteoclasts after incubation with high concentrations of PLL/CS PEC-NPs. BDNF had no influence on osteoclasts. We conclude that highly concentrated PLL/CS PEC-NPs dosages decreased osteoclastogenesis and osteoclasts activity. Moreover, BDNF might be a promising growth factor for osteoporotic fracture treatment since it did not increase osteoclast activity. |
topic |
osteoclasts polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles BDNF drug delivery system cathepsin K calcitonin receptor tartrate-resistant acidic phosphatase 5b pit formation |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/12/2346 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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