Invasion risks posed by ornamental freshwater fish trade to southeastern Brazilian rivers

A model was developed to assess the risk of invasion of ornamental non-native fishes to six rivers in the state of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil, with focus on species popularity. Thirty-nine aquarium shops, in six cities, were visited monthly from January to December 2007. In each city, fish sp...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: André Lincoln Barroso de Magalhães, Claudia Maria Jacobi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Sociedade Brasileira de Ictiologia 2013-01-01
Series:Neotropical Ichthyology
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252013005000313
Description
Summary:A model was developed to assess the risk of invasion of ornamental non-native fishes to six rivers in the state of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil, with focus on species popularity. Thirty-nine aquarium shops, in six cities, were visited monthly from January to December 2007. In each city, fish species were identified, and their biology and invasion history information was obtained from the literature. We calculated the annual frequency of occurrence and average number of specimens monthly available in stores. Quarterly water temperature and dissolved oxygen data from 1997 to 2007 were obtained for the Velhas, Muria&#233;, Uberabinha, Sapuca&#237;-Mirim, Doce and Todos os Santos Rivers from public databases. The invasion risk of each species was assessed through a model comprising nine parameters grouped in four variables: (i) Invasiveness (thermal and dissolved oxygen ranges, diet, parental care or fecundity), (ii) History of invasions (establishment), (iii) Propagule pressure (commercial success, comprising annual frequency of occurrence and number of specimens available monthly at stores), and (iv) Invasibility (water temperature and dissolved oxygen in the target river compatible with the species ranges). Of the 345 ornamental fish species for sale, 332 are non-native to either Minas Gerais (n = 151) or Brazil (n = 194). Based on the proposed cutting values, in particular the compatibility between species and recipient thermal ranges, five ornamental non-native species (Cyprinus rubrofuscus, Carassius auratus, Xiphophorus hellerii, Poecilia reticulata, and P. latipinna) can potentially invade the Velhas and Muria&#233; Rivers, four species (Cyprinus rubrofuscus, Carassius auratus, X. helleri, and P. reticulata) the Uberabinha River, four species (Cyprinus rubrofuscus, Carassius auratus, X. maculatus, and P. reticulata) the Sapuca&#237;-Mirim River, three species (Carassius auratus, X. hellerii, and P. reticulata) the Doce River, and three species (Cyprinus rubrofuscus, P. reticulata, and Amatitlania nigrofasciata) can potentially invade the Todos os Santos River. Six recommendations are suggested to reduce the invasion risk of non-native fish on the rivers surveyed posed by aquarium trade.<br>Um modelo foi desenvolvido para avaliar o risco de invas&#227;o de peixes ornamentais n&#227;o-nativos em seis rios do estado de Minas Gerais, sudeste do Brasil, com foco na popularidade das esp&#233;cies. Trinta e nove lojas de aqu&#225;rio em seis cidades foram visitadas mensalmente de janeiro a dezembro de 2007. Em cada cidade, as esp&#233;cies foram identificadas e suas biologias e hist&#243;rias de invas&#227;o foram obtidas da literatura. Calculou-se a frequ&#234;ncia de ocorr&#234;ncia anual e quantidade m&#233;dia mensal de exemplares dispon&#237;veis nas lojas. Foram obtidas temperaturas trimestrais da &#225;gua e dados de oxig&#234;nio dissolvido de 1997 a 2007 dos rios Velhas, Muria&#233;, Uberabinha, Sapuca&#237;-Mirim, Doce e Todos os Santos a partir de bases de dados p&#250;blicas. O risco de invas&#227;o de cada esp&#233;cie foi avaliado atrav&#233;s de um modelo composto por nove par&#226;metros agrupados em quatro vari&#225;veis: (i) Invasividade (limite de alcance t&#233;rmico/oxig&#234;nio dissolvido, dieta, cuidado parental ou fecundidade), (ii) Hist&#243;rico de invas&#245;es (estabelecimento), (iii) Press&#227;o de prop&#225;gulos (sucesso comercial, composto pela frequ&#234;ncia de ocorr&#234;ncia anual e n&#250;mero de exemplares dispon&#237;veis mensalmente nas lojas), e (iv) Invasibilidade (temperatura da &#225;gua/oxig&#234;nio dissolvido dos rios compat&#237;vel com o limite de alcance t&#233;rmico/ oxig&#234;nio dissolvido das esp&#233;cies). Das 345 esp&#233;cies de peixes ornamentais para venda, 332 s&#227;o n&#227;o-nativos para Minas Gerais (n = 151) ou Brasil (n = 194). Com base nos valores de corte propostos, cinco esp&#233;cies de peixes ornamentais n&#227;o-nativos (Cyprinus rubrofuscus, Carassius auratus, Xiphophorus hellerii, Poecilia reticulata e P. latipinna) podem potencialmente invadir os rios Velhas e Muria&#233;, quatro esp&#233;cies (C. rubrofuscus, C. auratus, X. helleri, P. reticulata) podem invadir o rio Uberabinha, quatro esp&#233;cies selecionadas (Cyprinus rubrofuscus, Carassius auratus, X. maculatus e P. reticulata) podem invadir o rio Sapuca&#237;-Mirim, tr&#234;s esp&#233;cies (Carassius auratus, X. hellerii e P. reticulata) podem invadir o rio Doce, e tr&#234;s esp&#233;cies (Cyprinus rubrofuscus, P. reticulata e Amatitlania nigrofasciata) podem potencialmente invadir o rio Todos os Santos. Seis recomenda&#231;&#245;es s&#227;o sugeridas para reduzir o risco de invas&#227;o por peixes n&#227;o-nativos nos rios pesquisados, representado pelo com&#233;rcio de peixes ornamentais
ISSN:1679-6225
1982-0224